S1091: Pacu

S1091: Pacu describes Pacu is an open-source AWS exploitation framework. The tool is written in Python and publicly available on GitHub.(Citation: GitHub Pacu)

Executive priority

S1091: Pacu is an official MITRE ATT&CK software. Glexia treats it as defensive behavior context for prioritizing monitoring, control validation, and response planning without using the object by itself as an attribution claim.

Technical view

Security teams should validate S1091: Pacu by reviewing the official ATT&CK relationships, mapped tactics (the mapped ATT&CK tactic context), supported platforms (IaaS), and available local telemetry before making detection or mitigation decisions.

Likely telemetry

Official ATT&CK relationships and object metadata
Cloud control-plane, SaaS audit, and container platform logs

Detection direction

Validate whether S1091: Pacu appears in your detection coverage and tabletop scenarios.
Use the object to align executive risk language with SOC, incident response, and detection engineering work.
Do not treat ATT&CK relationship context as attribution without corroborating evidence.

Mitigation priorities

Map the object to existing controls and identify missing telemetry or response ownership.
Prioritize mitigations that reduce exposure on the listed platforms and tactics.
Review adjacent ATT&CK relationships before changing policy, detections, or reporting language.

Additional notes and limits

Baseline Glexia take generated from the official MITRE ATT&CK STIX object, source hash, tactics, platforms, and detection fields. It is safe to replace with a richer model-generated take for the same source hash later.

This baseline take is source-grounded and schema-validated, but it does not include environment-specific telemetry, incident evidence, or threat-intelligence corroboration.

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Official MITRE ATT&CK definition

Pacu

Pacu is an open-source AWS exploitation framework. The tool is written in Python and publicly available on GitHub.[1]

View the same entry on attack.mitre.org (MITRE-hosted reference; in-page links above use the Glexia ATT&CK library.)

Glexia analysis

How security teams should use this page

Treat this object as behavior context, not an attribution claim. Validate the related groups, software, data sources, and mitigations against official ATT&CK relationships and your own telemetry before making control-coverage decisions.

ATT&CK relationship table

Techniques used

This mirrors the MITRE pattern of making group, software, campaign, and technique relationships scannable. Relationship notes come from mirrored ATT&CK relationship text when available.

Filter related techniques21 rows

Domain	ID	Name	Relationship / procedure
Enterprise	T1648	Serverless Execution	Pacu can create malicious Lambda functions.[1]
Enterprise	T1685.002	Disable or Modify Cloud LogSub-technique	Pacu can disable or otherwise restrict various AWS logging services, such as AWS CloudTrail and VPC flow logs.[1]
Enterprise	T1619	Cloud Storage Object Discovery	Pacu can enumerate AWS storage services, such as S3 buckets and Elastic Block Store volumes.[1]
Enterprise	T1049	System Network Connections Discovery	Once inside a Virtual Private Cloud, Pacu can attempt to identify DirectConnect, VPN, or VPC Peering.[1]
Enterprise	T1654	Log Enumeration	Pacu can collect CloudTrail event histories and CloudWatch logs.[1]
Enterprise	T1526	Cloud Service Discovery	Pacu can enumerate AWS services, such as CloudTrail and CloudWatch.[1]
Enterprise	T1552	Unsecured Credentials	Pacu can search for sensitive data: for example, in Code Build environment variables, EC2 user data, and Cloud Formation templates.[1]
Enterprise	T1686.001	Cloud FirewallSub-technique	Pacu can allowlist IP addresses in AWS GuardDuty.[1]
Enterprise	T1098.001	Additional Cloud CredentialsSub-technique	Pacu can generate SSH and API keys for AWS infrastructure and additional API keys for other IAM users.[1]
Enterprise	T1555.006	Cloud Secrets Management StoresSub-technique	Pacu can retrieve secrets from the AWS Secrets Manager via the enum_secrets module.[1]
Enterprise	T1580	Cloud Infrastructure Discovery	Pacu can enumerate AWS infrastructure, such as EC2 instances.[1]
Enterprise	T1059.009	Cloud APISub-technique	Pacu leverages the AWS CLI for its operations.[1]
Enterprise	T1530	Data from Cloud Storage	Pacu can enumerate and download files stored in AWS storage services, such as S3 buckets.[1]
Enterprise	T1078.004	Cloud AccountsSub-technique	Pacu leverages valid cloud accounts to perform most of its operations.[1]
Enterprise	T1119	Automated Collection	Pacu can automatically collect data, such as CloudFormation templates, EC2 user data, AWS Inspector reports, and IAM credential reports.[1]
Enterprise	T1518.001	Security Software DiscoverySub-technique	Pacu can enumerate AWS security services, including WAF rules and GuardDuty detectors.[1]
Enterprise	T1578.001	Create SnapshotSub-technique	Pacu can create snapshots of EBS volumes and RDS instances.[1]
Enterprise	T1087.004	Cloud AccountSub-technique	Pacu can enumerate IAM users, roles, and groups. [1]
Enterprise	T1651	Cloud Administration Command	Pacu can run commands on EC2 instances using AWS Systems Manager Run Command.[1]
Enterprise	T1069.003	Cloud GroupsSub-technique	Pacu can enumerate IAM permissions.[1]
Enterprise	T1546	Event Triggered Execution	Pacu can set up S3 bucket notifications to trigger a malicious Lambda function when a CloudFormation template is uploaded to the bucket. It can also create Lambda functions that trigger upon the creation of users, roles, and groups.[1]

Relationship explorer

All related ATT&CK context

Change history

Object version and sync metadata

The fields below describe the current mirrored snapshot. When Glexia retains multiple ATT&CK source imports, you can open the table to compare the same object across releases (hashes and MITRE timestamps). For MITRE’s own release notes and roadmap, see ATT&CK resources — Updates.

ATT&CK release: 19.2
Object version: 1.0
Created: Sep 28, 2023, 13:21 UTC (UTC+00:00)
Modified: Oct 19, 2023, 12:18 UTC (UTC+00:00)
Raw hash: b572038b0281c351...

Imported snapshots across ATT&CK releases(2)

Release	Bundle imported	Object version	Modified	Status	Raw hash
19.2	Aug 6, 2026, 02:58 UTC (UTC+00:00)	1.0	Oct 19, 2023, 12:18 UTC (UTC+00:00)	Current bundle	`b572038b0281…`
19.1	Jul 14, 2026, 09:14 UTC (UTC+00:00)	1.0	Oct 19, 2023, 12:18 UTC (UTC+00:00)	Older bundle	`b572038b0281…`

Raw source

Mirrored ATT&CK source object

The raw object is retained through the mirrored ATT&CK source bundle and object hash. The raw endpoint returns the exact object from the mirrored bundle when available.

Open mirrored raw JSON Open MITRE-hosted copy

Source references

External references and citations

MITRE external references are preserved separately from Glexia analysis so citations remain traceable to their original source records.

[1]
GitHub Pacu
Rhino Security Labs. (2019, August 22). Pacu. Retrieved October 17, 2019.
Open source URL
[2]
mitre-attackS1091
Open source URL

Source and licensing

Source: MITRE ATT&CK®. © 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation. MITRE ATT&CK and ATT&CK are registered trademarks of The MITRE Corporation. Glexia is not affiliated with or endorsed by MITRE.

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