S0198: NETWIRE

S0198: NETWIRE describes [NETWIRE](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0198) is a publicly available, multiplatform remote administration tool (RAT) that has been used by criminal and APT groups since at least 2012.(Citation: FireEye APT33 Sept 2017)(Citation: McAfee Netwire Mar 2015)(Citation: FireEye APT33 Webinar Sept 2017)

Executive priority

S0198: NETWIRE is an official MITRE ATT&CK software. Glexia treats it as defensive behavior context for prioritizing monitoring, control validation, and response planning without using the object by itself as an attribution claim.

Technical view

Security teams should validate S0198: NETWIRE by reviewing the official ATT&CK relationships, mapped tactics (the mapped ATT&CK tactic context), supported platforms (Windows, Linux, macOS), and available local telemetry before making detection or mitigation decisions.

Likely telemetry

Official ATT&CK relationships and object metadata
Network, endpoint, and security-tool telemetry

Detection direction

Validate whether S0198: NETWIRE appears in your detection coverage and tabletop scenarios.
Use the object to align executive risk language with SOC, incident response, and detection engineering work.
Do not treat ATT&CK relationship context as attribution without corroborating evidence.

Mitigation priorities

Map the object to existing controls and identify missing telemetry or response ownership.
Prioritize mitigations that reduce exposure on the listed platforms and tactics.
Review adjacent ATT&CK relationships before changing policy, detections, or reporting language.

Additional notes and limits

Baseline Glexia take generated from the official MITRE ATT&CK STIX object, source hash, tactics, platforms, and detection fields. It is safe to replace with a richer model-generated take for the same source hash later.

This baseline take is source-grounded and schema-validated, but it does not include environment-specific telemetry, incident evidence, or threat-intelligence corroboration.

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Official MITRE ATT&CK definition

NETWIRE

NETWIRE is a publicly available, multiplatform remote administration tool (RAT) that has been used by criminal and APT groups since at least 2012.[1][2][3]

View the same entry on attack.mitre.org (MITRE-hosted reference; in-page links above use the Glexia ATT&CK library.)

Glexia analysis

How security teams should use this page

Treat this object as behavior context, not an attribution claim. Validate the related groups, software, data sources, and mitigations against official ATT&CK relationships and your own telemetry before making control-coverage decisions.

ATT&CK relationship table

Techniques used

This mirrors the MITRE pattern of making group, software, campaign, and technique relationships scannable. Relationship notes come from mirrored ATT&CK relationship text when available.

Filter related techniques45 rows

Domain	ID	Name	Relationship / procedure
Enterprise	T1090	Proxy	NETWIRE can implement use of proxies to pivot traffic.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1547.001	Registry Run Keys / Startup FolderSub-technique	NETWIRE creates a Registry start-up entry to establish persistence.[2]CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020CitationUnit 42 NETWIRE April 2020CitationProofpoint NETWIRE December 2020
Enterprise	T1027.002	Software PackingSub-technique	NETWIRE has used .NET packer tools to evade detection.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1573.001	Symmetric CryptographySub-technique	NETWIRE can use AES encryption for C2 data transferred.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1560.003	Archive via Custom MethodSub-technique	NETWIRE has used a custom encryption algorithm to encrypt collected data.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019
Enterprise	T1204.002	Malicious FileSub-technique	NETWIRE has been executed through luring victims into opening malicious documents.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019CitationUnit 42 NETWIRE April 2020CitationProofpoint NETWIRE December 2020
Enterprise	T1204.001	Malicious LinkSub-technique	NETWIRE has been executed through convincing victims into clicking malicious links.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019CitationUnit 42 NETWIRE April 2020
Enterprise	T1119	Automated Collection	NETWIRE can automatically archive collected data.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1547.013	XDG Autostart EntriesSub-technique	NETWIRE can use XDG Autostart Entries to establish persistence on Linux systems.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1059.005	Visual BasicSub-technique	NETWIRE has been executed through use of VBScripts.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019CitationProofpoint NETWIRE December 2020
Enterprise	T1027	Obfuscated Files or Information	NETWIRE has used a custom obfuscation algorithm to hide strings including Registry keys, APIs, and DLL names.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019
Enterprise	T1059.001	PowerShellSub-technique	The NETWIRE binary has been executed via PowerShell script.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019
Enterprise	T1055	Process Injection	NETWIRE can inject code into system processes including notepad.exe, svchost.exe, and vbc.exe.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1053.003	CronSub-technique	NETWIRE can use crontabs to establish persistence.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1027.011	Fileless StorageSub-technique	NETWIRE can store its configuration information in the Registry under `HKCU:\Software\Netwire`.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1083	File and Directory Discovery	NETWIRE has the ability to search for files on the compromised host.CitationProofpoint NETWIRE December 2020
Enterprise	T1057	Process Discovery	NETWIRE can discover processes on compromised hosts.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019
Enterprise	T1059.004	Unix ShellSub-technique	NETWIRE has the ability to use `/bin/bash` and `/bin/sh` to execute commands.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020CitationProofpoint NETWIRE December 2020
Enterprise	T1049	System Network Connections Discovery	NETWIRE can capture session logon details from a compromised host.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019
Enterprise	T1560	Archive Collected Data	NETWIRE has the ability to compress archived screenshots.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1555.003	Credentials from Web BrowsersSub-technique	NETWIRE has the ability to steal credentials from web browsers including Internet Explorer, Opera, Yandex, and Chrome.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020CitationProofpoint NETWIRE December 2020
Enterprise	T1566.002	Spearphishing LinkSub-technique	NETWIRE has been spread via e-mail campaigns utilizing malicious links.CitationUnit 42 NETWIRE April 2020
Enterprise	T1555	Credentials from Password Stores	NETWIRE can retrieve passwords from messaging and mail client applications.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1036.005	Match Legitimate Resource Name or LocationSub-technique	NETWIRE has masqueraded as legitimate software including TeamViewer and macOS Finder.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1102	Web Service	NETWIRE has used web services including Paste.ee to host payloads.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019
Enterprise	T1564.001	Hidden Files and DirectoriesSub-technique	NETWIRE can copy itself to and launch itself from hidden folders.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1010	Application Window Discovery	NETWIRE can discover and close windows on controlled systems.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1059.003	Windows Command ShellSub-technique	NETWIRE can issue commands using cmd.exe.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020CitationProofpoint NETWIRE December 2020
Enterprise	T1036.001	Invalid Code SignatureSub-technique	The NETWIRE client has been signed by fake and invalid digital certificates.[2]
Enterprise	T1056.001	KeyloggingSub-technique	NETWIRE can perform keylogging.[2][3]CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020CitationProofpoint NETWIRE December 2020
Enterprise	T1106	Native API	NETWIRE can use Native API including `CreateProcess` `GetProcessById`, and `WriteProcessMemory`.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019
Enterprise	T1053.005	Scheduled TaskSub-technique	NETWIRE can create a scheduled task to establish persistence.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019
Enterprise	T1113	Screen Capture	NETWIRE can capture the victim's screen.[2]CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020CitationProofpoint NETWIRE December 2020
Enterprise	T1547.015	Login ItemsSub-technique	NETWIRE can persist via startup options for Login items.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1016	System Network Configuration Discovery	NETWIRE can collect the IP address of a compromised host.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020CitationProofpoint NETWIRE December 2020
Enterprise	T1071.001	Web ProtocolsSub-technique	NETWIRE has the ability to communicate over HTTP.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020CitationProofpoint NETWIRE December 2020
Enterprise	T1055.012	Process HollowingSub-technique	The NETWIRE payload has been injected into benign Microsoft executables via process hollowing.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1112	Modify Registry	NETWIRE can modify the Registry to store its configuration information.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1082	System Information Discovery	NETWIRE can discover and collect victim system information.[2]
Enterprise	T1566.001	Spearphishing AttachmentSub-technique	NETWIRE has been spread via e-mail campaigns utilizing malicious attachments.CitationUnit 42 NETWIRE April 2020CitationProofpoint NETWIRE December 2020
Enterprise	T1074.001	Local Data StagingSub-technique	NETWIRE has the ability to write collected data to a file created in the `./LOGS` directory.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019
Enterprise	T1095	Non-Application Layer Protocol	NETWIRE can use TCP in C2 communications.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020CitationUnit 42 NETWIRE April 2020
Enterprise	T1573	Encrypted Channel	NETWIRE can encrypt C2 communications.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1543.001	Launch AgentSub-technique	NETWIRE can use launch agents for persistence.CitationRed Canary NETWIRE January 2020
Enterprise	T1105	Ingress Tool Transfer	NETWIRE can downloaded payloads from C2 to the compromised host.CitationFireEye NETWIRE March 2019CitationProofpoint NETWIRE December 2020

Associated objects

Groups, software, and campaigns

G1018: TA2541

TA2541 is a cybercriminal group that has been targeting the aviation, aerospace, transportation, manufacturing, and defense industries since at least 2017. TA2541 campaigns are typically high volume and involve the use of commodity remote access tools obfuscated by crypters and themes related to aviation, transportation, and travel.[1][2]

G0089: The White Company

The White Company is a likely state-sponsored threat actor with advanced capabilities. From 2017 through 2018, the group led an espionage campaign called Operation Shaheen targeting government and military organizations in Pakistan.[1]

G0083: SilverTerrier

SilverTerrier is a Nigerian threat group that has been seen active since 2014. SilverTerrier mainly targets organizations in high technology, higher education, and manufacturing.[1][2]

G0064: APT33

APT33 is a suspected Iranian threat group that has carried out operations since at least 2013. The group has targeted organizations across multiple industries in the United States, Saudi Arabia, and South Korea, with a particular interest in the aviation and energy sectors.[1][2]

Relationship explorer

All related ATT&CK context

Change history

Object version and sync metadata

The fields below describe the current mirrored snapshot. When Glexia retains multiple ATT&CK source imports, you can open the table to compare the same object across releases (hashes and MITRE timestamps). For MITRE’s own release notes and roadmap, see ATT&CK resources — Updates.

ATT&CK release: 19.2
Object version: 1.6
Created: Apr 18, 2018, 17:59 UTC (UTC+00:00)
Modified: Apr 16, 2025, 20:38 UTC (UTC+00:00)
Raw hash: eee1a6ece6a9c81f...

Imported snapshots across ATT&CK releases(2)

Release	Bundle imported	Object version	Modified	Status	Raw hash
19.2	Aug 6, 2026, 02:58 UTC (UTC+00:00)	1.6	Apr 16, 2025, 20:38 UTC (UTC+00:00)	Current bundle	`eee1a6ece6a9…`
19.1	Jul 14, 2026, 09:14 UTC (UTC+00:00)	1.6	Apr 16, 2025, 20:38 UTC (UTC+00:00)	Older bundle	`eee1a6ece6a9…`

Raw source

Mirrored ATT&CK source object

The raw object is retained through the mirrored ATT&CK source bundle and object hash. The raw endpoint returns the exact object from the mirrored bundle when available.

Open mirrored raw JSON Open MITRE-hosted copy

Source references

External references and citations

MITRE external references are preserved separately from Glexia analysis so citations remain traceable to their original source records.

[1]
FireEye APT33 Sept 2017
O'Leary, J., et al. (2017, September 20). Insights into Iranian Cyber Espionage: APT33 Targets Aerospace and Energy Sectors and has Ties to Destructive Malware. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
Open source URL
[2]
McAfee Netwire Mar 2015
McAfee. (2015, March 2). Netwire RAT Behind Recent Targeted Attacks. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
Open source URL
[3]
FireEye APT33 Webinar Sept 2017
Davis, S. and Carr, N. (2017, September 21). APT33: New Insights into Iranian Cyber Espionage Group. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
Open source URL
[4]
NETWIRE
(Citation: FireEye APT33 Sept 2017) (Citation: FireEye APT33 Webinar Sept 2017) (Citation: McAfee Netwire Mar 2015)
[5]
mitre-attackS0198
Open source URL

Source and licensing

Source: MITRE ATT&CK®. © 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation. MITRE ATT&CK and ATT&CK are registered trademarks of The MITRE Corporation. Glexia is not affiliated with or endorsed by MITRE.

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