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MITRE ATT&CK® Malware

S1149: CHIMNEYSWEEP

CHIMNEYSWEEP is a backdoor malware that was deployed during HomeLand Justice along with ROADSWEEP ransomware, and has been used to target Farsi and Arabic speakers since at least 2012.[1]

EnterpriseS1149MalwareObject v1.0Modified
Discuss defensive coverageBack to ATT&CK
Glexia's Take · Automated analysis

Security context for executives and security teams

Automation confidenceMedium

CHIMNEYSWEEP is a Windows backdoor malware entry in ATT&CK. The business significance is that a backdoor represents persistent unauthorized access rather than a one-time alert: if present, incident leaders should assume potential follow-on activity, credential exposure, and broader compromise until endpoint, identity, and network evidence proves otherwise. The ATT&CK record is sparse, so defensive value comes from validating whether Windows endpoint and network monitoring can surface generic backdoor behavior even without a supplied detection analytic.

Executive priority

Prioritize CHIMNEYSWEEP as an incident readiness and control-validation scenario, not as proof of current exposure. Leaders should ask whether Windows endpoint visibility, SOC triage, malware containment, credential reset procedures, and ransomware-adjacent response playbooks are ready, especially because MITRE notes it was deployed during HomeLand Justice alongside ROADSWEEP ransomware. This supports decisions about EDR coverage, log retention, IR runbooks, and evidence needed for audit or resilience reviews.

Technical view

ATT&CK provides Windows as the supported platform but does not specify tactics, techniques, relationships, aliases, or detection guidance. SOC and IR teams should therefore validate generic Windows backdoor detection coverage: suspicious process execution, persistence indicators, unusual parent-child process chains, unexpected outbound connections, command-and-control-like beaconing, file writes in user or system paths, and security control tampering where locally observed. Because no official detection is supplied, detections should be tested against internal baselines and malware-analysis-derived indicators from approved intelligence sources before being operationalized.

Likely telemetry

  • Windows endpoint detection and response events
  • Windows process creation and command-line logs
  • File creation, modification, and quarantine events
  • Network connection metadata from Windows hosts
  • DNS and proxy logs for outbound destination analysis

Detection direction

  • Confirm that Windows hosts in scope are actually sending endpoint, process, file, authentication, DNS, proxy, and network telemetry to the SOC.
  • Use behavior-based backdoor hunting where specific ATT&CK detection logic is absent: anomalous persistence, unusual outbound communications, suspicious child processes, and unexpected execution locations.
  • Tune detections against normal administrative tools and software update behavior to reduce false positives.
  • Review whether ransomware-adjacent escalation paths are covered, given the official description’s association with deployment alongside ROADSWEEP during HomeLand Justice.
  • Do not rely on name-based detection alone; the ATT&CK object provides no aliases and no official detection content.

Mitigation priorities

  • Maintain broad Windows endpoint protection and centralized logging coverage before focusing on malware-specific content.
  • Validate containment procedures for suspected backdoor activity, including host isolation, evidence preservation, credential risk review, and outbound network blocking decisions.
  • Ensure incident response playbooks account for possible follow-on activity and ransomware-adjacent risk where a backdoor is found.
  • Review least privilege, administrative account monitoring, and access reset procedures for systems implicated in suspected backdoor activity.
  • Use approved threat intelligence and malware analysis sources to enrich indicators, since the supplied ATT&CK fields do not provide IOCs or detection analytics.
Additional notes and limits

The useful operational takeaway is readiness: CHIMNEYSWEEP is documented as a Windows backdoor, and MITRE states it was deployed during HomeLand Justice alongside ROADSWEEP ransomware and has targeted Farsi and Arabic speakers since at least 2012. However, the supplied ATT&CK object does not include tactics, techniques, external references, relationships, or detection text, so local telemetry and vetted intelligence are required to build specific detections.

This take is constrained to the supplied ATT&CK fields. No active exploitation, attribution, victim exposure, specific commands, IOCs, or guaranteed detection coverage can be inferred. Relationship context was not supplied, despite entities mentioned in the official description.

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Official MITRE ATT&CK definition

CHIMNEYSWEEP

CHIMNEYSWEEP is a backdoor malware that was deployed during HomeLand Justice along with ROADSWEEP ransomware, and has been used to target Farsi and Arabic speakers since at least 2012.[1]

View the same entry on attack.mitre.org (MITRE-hosted reference; in-page links above use the Glexia ATT&CK library.)

Glexia analysis

How security teams should use this page

Treat this object as behavior context, not an attribution claim. Validate the related groups, software, data sources, and mitigations against official ATT&CK relationships and your own telemetry before making control-coverage decisions.

ATT&CK relationship table

Techniques used

This mirrors the MITRE pattern of making group, software, campaign, and technique relationships scannable. Relationship notes come from mirrored ATT&CK relationship text when available.

31 rows
DomainIDNameRelationship / procedure
EnterpriseT1074.001Local Data StagingSub-technique

CHIMNEYSWEEP can store captured screenshots to disk including to a covert store named `APPX.%x%x%x%x%x.tmp` where `%x` is a random value.[1]

EnterpriseT1480Execution Guardrails

CHIMNEYSWEEP can execute a task which leads to execution if it finds a process name containing “creensaver.”[1]

EnterpriseT1218.003CMSTPSub-technique

CHIMNEYSWEEP can use CMSTP.exe to install a malicious Microsoft Connection Manager Profile.[1]

EnterpriseT1059.005Visual BasicSub-technique

CHIMNEYSWEEP has executed a script named cln.vbs on compromised hosts.[1]

EnterpriseT1027Obfuscated Files or Information

CHIMNEYSWEEP can use a custom Base64 alphabet to encode an API decryption key.[1]

EnterpriseT1105Ingress Tool Transfer

CHIMNEYSWEEP can download additional files from C2.[1]

EnterpriseT1120Peripheral Device Discovery

CHIMNEYSWEEP can monitor for removable drives.[1]

EnterpriseT1071.001Web ProtocolsSub-technique

CHIMNEYSWEEP can send `HTTP GET` requests to  C2.[1]

EnterpriseT1106Native API

CHIMNEYSWEEP can use Windows APIs including `LoadLibrary` and `GetProcAddress`.[1]

EnterpriseT1027.009Embedded PayloadsSub-technique

CHIMNEYSWEEP can extract RC4 encrypted embedded payloads for privilege escalation.[1]

EnterpriseT1027.001Binary PaddingSub-technique

The CHIMNEYSWEEP installer has been padded with null bytes to inflate its size.[1]

EnterpriseT1083File and Directory Discovery

CHIMNEYSWEEP has the ability to enumerate directories for files that match a set list.[1]

EnterpriseT1115Clipboard Data

CHIMNEYSWEEP can capture content from the clipboard.[1]

EnterpriseT1005Data from Local System

CHIMNEYSWEEP can collect files from compromised hosts.[1]

EnterpriseT1140Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information

CHIMNEYSWEEP can use an embedded RC4 key to decrypt Windows API function strings.[1]

EnterpriseT1053.005Scheduled TaskSub-technique

CHIMNEYSWEEP can use the Windows `SilentCleanup` scheduled task to enable payload execution.[1]

EnterpriseT1041Exfiltration Over C2 Channel

CHIMNEYSWEEP can upload collected files to the command-and-control server.[1]

EnterpriseT1059.001PowerShellSub-technique

CHIMNEYSWEEP can invoke the PowerShell command `[Reflection.Assembly]::LoadFile(\"%s\")\n$i=\"\"\n$r=[%s]::%s(\"%s\",[ref] $i)\necho $r,$i\n` to execute secondary payloads.[1]

EnterpriseT1132.002Non-Standard EncodingSub-technique

CHIMNEYSWEEP can use a custom Base64 alphabet for encoding C2.[1]

EnterpriseT1033System Owner/User Discovery

CHIMNEYSWEEP has included the victim's computer name and username in C2 messages sent to actor-owned infrastructure.[1]

EnterpriseT1057Process Discovery

CHIMNEYSWEEP can check if a process name contains “creensaver.”[1]

EnterpriseT1056.001KeyloggingSub-technique

CHIMNEYSWEEP has the ability to support keylogging.[1]

EnterpriseT1518.001Security Software DiscoverySub-technique

CHIMNEYSWEEP is capable of checking whether a compromised device is running DeepFreeze by Faronics.[1]

EnterpriseT1529System Shutdown/Reboot

CHIMNEYSWEEP can reboot or shutdown the targeted system or logoff the current user.[1]

EnterpriseT1027.007Dynamic API ResolutionSub-technique

CHIMNEYSWEEP can use `LoadLibrary` and `GetProcAddress` to resolve Windows API function strings at run time.[1]

EnterpriseT1102Web Service

CHIMNEYSWEEP has the ability to use use Telegram channels to return a list of commands to be executed, to download additional payloads, or to create a reverse shell.[1]

EnterpriseT1113Screen Capture

CHIMNEYSWEEP can capture screenshots on targeted systems using a timer and either upload them or store them to disk.[1]

EnterpriseT1548.002Bypass User Account ControlSub-technique

CHIMNEYSWEEP can make use of the Windows `SilentCleanup` scheduled task to execute its payload with elevated privileges.[1]

EnterpriseT1070.006TimestompSub-technique

CHIMNEYSWEEP can time stomp its executable, previously dating it between 2010 to 2021.[1]

EnterpriseT1112Modify Registry

CHIMNEYSWEEP can use the Windows Registry Environment key to change the `%windir%` variable to point to `c:\Windows` to enable payload execution.[1]

EnterpriseT1553.002Code SigningSub-technique

CHIMNEYSWEEP has been dropped by a self-extracting archive signed with a valid digital certificate.[1]

Associated objects

Groups, software, and campaigns

CampaignEnterprise

C0038: HomeLand Justice

HomeLand Justice was a disruptive cyber campaign conducted by Iranian state-affiliated actors against Albanian government networks in July and September 2022. The activity combined ransomware, wiper malware, and data leak operations. Initial access for HomeLand Justice was established as early as May 2021, and threat actors moved laterally, exfiltrated sensitive information, and maintained persistence for approximately 14 months prior to the destructive phase of the operation. Responsibility was claimed by the "HomeLand Justice" front, which framed the campaign as retaliation against the Mujahedeen-e Khalq (MEK), an Iranian opposition group with a presence in Albania. Multiple Iran-nexus groups are assessed to have participated in the campaign, including HEXANE who probed victim infrastructure.[1][2][3] A second wave of attacks was launched in September 2022 using similar tactics following public attribution of the previous activity to Iran and the severing of diplomatic ties between Iran and Albania.[3]

Relationship explorer

All related ATT&CK context

uses · TechniqueT1074.001: Local Data StagingEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1480: Execution GuardrailsEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1218.003: CMSTPEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1059.005: Visual BasicEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1027: Obfuscated Files or InformationEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1105: Ingress Tool TransferEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1120: Peripheral Device DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1071.001: Web ProtocolsEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1106: Native APIEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1027.009: Embedded PayloadsEnterpriseuses · CampaignC0038: HomeLand JusticeEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1027.001: Binary PaddingEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1083: File and Directory DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1115: Clipboard DataEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1005: Data from Local SystemEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1140: Deobfuscate/Decode Files or InformationEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1053.005: Scheduled TaskEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1041: Exfiltration Over C2 ChannelEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1059.001: PowerShellEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1132.002: Non-Standard EncodingEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1033: System Owner/User DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1057: Process DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1056.001: KeyloggingEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1518.001: Security Software DiscoveryEnterprise
Change history

Object version and sync metadata

The fields below describe the current mirrored snapshot. When Glexia retains multiple ATT&CK source imports, you can open the table to compare the same object across releases (hashes and MITRE timestamps). For MITRE’s own release notes and roadmap, see ATT&CK resources — Updates.

ATT&CK release
19.1
Object version
1.0
Created
Modified
Raw hash
1120bf286eda0d2d...
Imported snapshots across ATT&CK releases(1)
ReleaseBundle importedObject versionModifiedStatusRaw hash
19.11.0Current bundle1120bf286eda…
Raw source

Mirrored ATT&CK source object

The raw object is retained through the mirrored ATT&CK source bundle and object hash. The raw endpoint returns the exact object from the mirrored bundle when available.

Open mirrored raw JSONOpen MITRE-hosted copy
Source references

External references and citations

MITRE external references are preserved separately from Glexia analysis so citations remain traceable to their original source records.

  1. [1]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  2. [2]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  3. [3]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  4. [4]
    mitre-attackS1149
    Open source URL
  5. [5]
    mitre-attackS1149
    Open source URL
  6. [6]
    mitre-attackS1149
    Open source URL
  7. [7]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  8. [8]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  9. [9]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  10. [10]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  11. [11]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  12. [12]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  13. [13]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  14. [14]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  15. [15]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  16. [16]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  17. [17]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  18. [18]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  19. [19]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  20. [20]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  21. [21]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  22. [22]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  23. [23]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  24. [24]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  25. [25]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  26. [26]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  27. [27]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  28. [28]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  29. [29]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  30. [30]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  31. [31]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  32. [32]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  33. [33]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  39. [39]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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