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MITRE ATT&CK® Malware

S1149: CHIMNEYSWEEP

MITRE ATT&CK S1149: CHIMNEYSWEEP Malware details for Windows, with detection guidance, relationships and mapped CVEs.

EnterpriseS1149MalwareObject v1.0Modified
Discuss defensive coverageBack to ATT&CK
Glexia's Take · Automated analysis

Security context for executives and security teams

Automation confidenceMedium

CHIMNEYSWEEP is a Windows backdoor malware entry in ATT&CK. The business significance is that a backdoor represents persistent unauthorized access rather than a one-time alert: if present, incident leaders should assume potential follow-on activity, credential exposure, and broader compromise until endpoint, identity, and network evidence proves otherwise. The ATT&CK record is sparse, so defensive value comes from validating whether Windows endpoint and network monitoring can surface generic backdoor behavior even without a supplied detection analytic.

Executive priority

Prioritize CHIMNEYSWEEP as an incident readiness and control-validation scenario, not as proof of current exposure. Leaders should ask whether Windows endpoint visibility, SOC triage, malware containment, credential reset procedures, and ransomware-adjacent response playbooks are ready, especially because MITRE notes it was deployed during HomeLand Justice alongside ROADSWEEP ransomware. This supports decisions about EDR coverage, log retention, IR runbooks, and evidence needed for audit or resilience reviews.

Technical view

ATT&CK provides Windows as the supported platform but does not specify tactics, techniques, relationships, aliases, or detection guidance. SOC and IR teams should therefore validate generic Windows backdoor detection coverage: suspicious process execution, persistence indicators, unusual parent-child process chains, unexpected outbound connections, command-and-control-like beaconing, file writes in user or system paths, and security control tampering where locally observed. Because no official detection is supplied, detections should be tested against internal baselines and malware-analysis-derived indicators from approved intelligence sources before being operationalized.

Likely telemetry

  • Windows endpoint detection and response events
  • Windows process creation and command-line logs
  • File creation, modification, and quarantine events
  • Network connection metadata from Windows hosts
  • DNS and proxy logs for outbound destination analysis

Detection direction

  • Confirm that Windows hosts in scope are actually sending endpoint, process, file, authentication, DNS, proxy, and network telemetry to the SOC.
  • Use behavior-based backdoor hunting where specific ATT&CK detection logic is absent: anomalous persistence, unusual outbound communications, suspicious child processes, and unexpected execution locations.
  • Tune detections against normal administrative tools and software update behavior to reduce false positives.
  • Review whether ransomware-adjacent escalation paths are covered, given the official description’s association with deployment alongside ROADSWEEP during HomeLand Justice.
  • Do not rely on name-based detection alone; the ATT&CK object provides no aliases and no official detection content.

Mitigation priorities

  • Maintain broad Windows endpoint protection and centralized logging coverage before focusing on malware-specific content.
  • Validate containment procedures for suspected backdoor activity, including host isolation, evidence preservation, credential risk review, and outbound network blocking decisions.
  • Ensure incident response playbooks account for possible follow-on activity and ransomware-adjacent risk where a backdoor is found.
  • Review least privilege, administrative account monitoring, and access reset procedures for systems implicated in suspected backdoor activity.
  • Use approved threat intelligence and malware analysis sources to enrich indicators, since the supplied ATT&CK fields do not provide IOCs or detection analytics.
Additional notes and limits

The useful operational takeaway is readiness: CHIMNEYSWEEP is documented as a Windows backdoor, and MITRE states it was deployed during HomeLand Justice alongside ROADSWEEP ransomware and has targeted Farsi and Arabic speakers since at least 2012. However, the supplied ATT&CK object does not include tactics, techniques, external references, relationships, or detection text, so local telemetry and vetted intelligence are required to build specific detections.

This take is constrained to the supplied ATT&CK fields. No active exploitation, attribution, victim exposure, specific commands, IOCs, or guaranteed detection coverage can be inferred. Relationship context was not supplied, despite entities mentioned in the official description.

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Official MITRE ATT&CK definition

CHIMNEYSWEEP

No official description is available in the imported ATT&CK source object.

View the same entry on attack.mitre.org (MITRE-hosted reference; in-page links above use the Glexia ATT&CK library.)

Glexia analysis

How security teams should use this page

Treat this object as behavior context, not an attribution claim. Validate the related groups, software, data sources, and mitigations against official ATT&CK relationships and your own telemetry before making control-coverage decisions.

ATT&CK relationship table

Techniques used

This mirrors the MITRE pattern of making group, software, campaign, and technique relationships scannable. Relationship notes come from mirrored ATT&CK relationship text when available.

31 rows
DomainIDNameRelationship / procedure
EnterpriseT1074.001Local Data StagingSub-techniqueThis object uses Local Data Staging.
EnterpriseT1480Execution GuardrailsThis object uses Execution Guardrails.
EnterpriseT1218.003CMSTPSub-techniqueThis object uses CMSTP.
EnterpriseT1059.005Visual BasicSub-techniqueThis object uses Visual Basic.
EnterpriseT1027Obfuscated Files or InformationThis object uses Obfuscated Files or Information.
EnterpriseT1105Ingress Tool TransferThis object uses Ingress Tool Transfer.
EnterpriseT1120Peripheral Device DiscoveryThis object uses Peripheral Device Discovery.
EnterpriseT1071.001Web ProtocolsSub-techniqueThis object uses Web Protocols.
EnterpriseT1106Native APIThis object uses Native API.
EnterpriseT1027.009Embedded PayloadsSub-techniqueThis object uses Embedded Payloads.
EnterpriseT1027.001Binary PaddingSub-techniqueThis object uses Binary Padding.
EnterpriseT1083File and Directory DiscoveryThis object uses File and Directory Discovery.
EnterpriseT1115Clipboard DataThis object uses Clipboard Data.
EnterpriseT1005Data from Local SystemThis object uses Data from Local System.
EnterpriseT1140Deobfuscate/Decode Files or InformationThis object uses Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information.
EnterpriseT1053.005Scheduled TaskSub-techniqueThis object uses Scheduled Task.
EnterpriseT1041Exfiltration Over C2 ChannelThis object uses Exfiltration Over C2 Channel.
EnterpriseT1059.001PowerShellSub-techniqueThis object uses PowerShell.
EnterpriseT1132.002Non-Standard EncodingSub-techniqueThis object uses Non-Standard Encoding.
EnterpriseT1033System Owner/User DiscoveryThis object uses System Owner/User Discovery.
EnterpriseT1057Process DiscoveryThis object uses Process Discovery.
EnterpriseT1056.001KeyloggingSub-techniqueThis object uses Keylogging.
EnterpriseT1518.001Security Software DiscoverySub-techniqueThis object uses Security Software Discovery.
EnterpriseT1529System Shutdown/RebootThis object uses System Shutdown/Reboot.
EnterpriseT1027.007Dynamic API ResolutionSub-techniqueThis object uses Dynamic API Resolution.
EnterpriseT1102Web ServiceThis object uses Web Service.
EnterpriseT1113Screen CaptureThis object uses Screen Capture.
EnterpriseT1548.002Bypass User Account ControlSub-techniqueThis object uses Bypass User Account Control.
EnterpriseT1070.006TimestompSub-techniqueThis object uses Timestomp.
EnterpriseT1112Modify RegistryThis object uses Modify Registry.
EnterpriseT1553.002Code SigningSub-techniqueThis object uses Code Signing.
Associated objects

Groups, software, and campaigns

CampaignEnterprise

C0038: HomeLand Justice

HomeLand Justice was a disruptive cyber campaign conducted by Iranian state-affiliated actors against Albanian government networks in July and September 2022. The activity combined ransomware, wiper malware, and data leak operations. Initial access for HomeLand Justice was established as early as May 2021, and threat actors moved laterally, exfiltrated sensitive information, and maintained persistence for approximately 14 months prior to the destructive phase of the operation. Responsibility was claimed by the "HomeLand Justice" front, which framed the campaign as retaliation against the Mujahedeen-e Khalq (MEK), an Iranian opposition group with a presence in Albania. Multiple Iran-nexus groups are assessed to have participated in the campaign, including HEXANE who probed victim infrastructure.[1][2][3] A second wave of attacks was launched in September 2022 using similar tactics following public attribution of the previous activity to Iran and the severing of diplomatic ties between Iran and Albania.[3]

Relationship explorer

All related ATT&CK context

uses · TechniqueT1074.001: Local Data StagingEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1480: Execution GuardrailsEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1218.003: CMSTPEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1059.005: Visual BasicEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1027: Obfuscated Files or InformationEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1105: Ingress Tool TransferEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1120: Peripheral Device DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1071.001: Web ProtocolsEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1106: Native APIEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1027.009: Embedded PayloadsEnterpriseuses · CampaignC0038: HomeLand JusticeEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1027.001: Binary PaddingEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1083: File and Directory DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1115: Clipboard DataEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1005: Data from Local SystemEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1140: Deobfuscate/Decode Files or InformationEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1053.005: Scheduled TaskEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1041: Exfiltration Over C2 ChannelEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1059.001: PowerShellEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1132.002: Non-Standard EncodingEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1033: System Owner/User DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1057: Process DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1056.001: KeyloggingEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1518.001: Security Software DiscoveryEnterprise
Change history

Object version and sync metadata

The fields below describe the current mirrored snapshot. When Glexia retains multiple ATT&CK source imports, you can open the table to compare the same object across releases (hashes and MITRE timestamps). For MITRE’s own release notes and roadmap, see ATT&CK resources — Updates.

ATT&CK release
19.1
Object version
1.0
Created
Modified
Raw hash
1120bf286eda0d2d...
Imported snapshots across ATT&CK releases(1)
ReleaseBundle importedObject versionModifiedStatusRaw hash
19.11.0Current bundle1120bf286eda…
Raw source

Mirrored ATT&CK source object

The raw object is retained through the mirrored ATT&CK source bundle and object hash. The raw endpoint returns the exact object from the mirrored bundle when available.

Open mirrored raw JSONOpen MITRE-hosted copy
Source references

External references and citations

MITRE external references are preserved separately from Glexia analysis so citations remain traceable to their original source records.

  1. [1]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  2. [2]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  3. [3]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  4. [4]
    mitre-attackS1149
    Open source URL
  5. [5]
    mitre-attackS1149
    Open source URL
  6. [6]
    mitre-attackS1149
    Open source URL
  7. [7]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  8. [8]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  9. [9]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  10. [10]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  11. [11]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  12. [12]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  13. [13]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  14. [14]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  15. [15]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  16. [16]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  17. [17]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  18. [18]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  19. [19]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  20. [20]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  21. [21]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  22. [22]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  23. [23]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  24. [24]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  25. [25]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  26. [26]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  27. [27]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  28. [28]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  29. [29]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  31. [31]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  32. [32]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  33. [33]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  34. [34]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  35. [35]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  36. [36]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  37. [37]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  38. [38]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  39. [39]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
  40. [40]
    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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    Mandiant ROADSWEEP August 2022

    Jenkins, L. at al. (2022, August 4). ROADSWEEP Ransomware - Likely Iranian Threat Actor Conducts Politically Motivated Disruptive Activity Against Albanian Government Organizations. Retrieved August 6, 2024.

    Open source URL
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