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MITRE ATT&CK® Malware

S0467: TajMahal

TajMahal is a multifunctional spying framework that has been in use since at least 2014. TajMahal is comprised of two separate packages, named Tokyo and Yokohama, and can deploy up to 80 plugins.[1]

EnterpriseS0467MalwareObject v1.0Modified
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Glexia's Take · Automated analysis

Security context for executives and security teams

Automation confidenceMedium

TajMahal is a Windows multifunctional spying framework described by ATT&CK as active since at least 2014, with separate Tokyo and Yokohama packages and up to 80 plugins. Its ATT&CK relationships make it material because the behavior spans discovery, collection, credential access, stealth, persistence, execution, and exfiltration. For leaders, the risk is not one single malware signature; it is whether the organization can detect and respond to a modular espionage tool that can inventory a host, collect sensitive user data, capture audio/video/screen/clipboard content, steal web session cookies, and move collected data out through automated or C2-based channels.

Executive priority

Prioritize this as a readiness test for endpoint visibility, sensitive-data protection, and incident response scoping on Windows systems. Key executive questions: Do we collect enough endpoint, registry, process, file, removable media, browser/session, and network telemetry to reconstruct collection and exfiltration? Can the SOC distinguish legitimate administration and user activity from coordinated discovery and collection? Are high-value users and systems monitored for peripheral capture, keylogging, cookie theft, and unusual outbound transfer patterns? Because ATT&CK provides no official detection text for TajMahal, coverage should be proven through control validation mapped to the related techniques rather than assumed from malware naming alone.

Technical view

Defenders should validate behavior-based coverage for the Windows platform listed on the malware object and use the related techniques as the analytic map. Priority behaviors include DLL injection and shared module loading, registry modification, security software discovery, process/software/system/network discovery, file and directory enumeration, local and removable media collection, automated collection and archiving, keylogging, clipboard/screen/audio/video capture, web session cookie theft, obfuscation, and exfiltration over C2 or automated channels. Since the object has no ATT&CK tactics specified and no official detection guidance, SOC content should correlate multiple behaviors over time on the same host or user rather than depend on a single indicator.

Likely telemetry

  • Windows endpoint process creation, command-line, parent/child process, and module/DLL load events
  • Registry modification events, especially persistence- or defense-impairment-relevant changes
  • File system enumeration, file access, staging, archive creation, and access to removable media
  • Browser profile, cookie store, and web session artifact access where legally and operationally appropriate
  • Clipboard, screenshot, microphone, camera, and peripheral device access telemetry where available

Detection direction

  • Build detections around behavior clusters: discovery followed by collection, staging/archiving, and outbound transfer is more meaningful than isolated system enumeration.
  • Tune for legitimate administrative activity: process, software, network, and file discovery can be normal, so prioritize unusual user context, rare binaries, unexpected parent processes, high-value hosts, or repeated automated patterns.
  • Validate Windows visibility for DLL injection, shared module loading, and registry modification because these are explicitly related and often decide whether modular malware activity is visible before exfiltration.
  • Add analytic coverage for user-data capture behaviors such as keylogging, clipboard access, screen capture, audio capture, video capture, removable media collection, and session cookie access; these may be privacy-sensitive and require approved monitoring boundaries.
  • Correlate collection and exfiltration: automated collection, archive creation via libraries, local/removable media access, and C2-channel transfer should be reviewed together during triage.

Mitigation priorities

  • Start with visibility and response readiness: confirm Windows endpoint logging, EDR telemetry, network egress logs, and retention are sufficient for post-compromise reconstruction.
  • Reduce credential and session exposure by hardening browser/session handling, monitoring suspicious cookie-store access, and enforcing strong identity controls where applicable.
  • Limit collection opportunities through least privilege, sensitive-data access controls, removable media governance, and tighter permissions on high-value file locations.
  • Harden against stealth and persistence by monitoring and controlling registry changes, suspicious module loads, process injection behaviors, and unauthorized execution paths.
  • Constrain exfiltration with egress monitoring, proxy/firewall policy, anomaly review for outbound transfers, and incident playbooks that preserve endpoint and network evidence.
Additional notes and limits

The supplied ATT&CK object identifies TajMahal as Windows malware and describes it as a multifunctional spying framework with many plugins. The defensive value comes from its related techniques: broad host discovery, collection from local/removable/user-interaction sources, credential/session theft, stealth via obfuscation and injection, registry modification, archiving, and exfiltration. Treat this as a coverage-mapping object for espionage-style endpoint compromise and data theft scenarios.

No official ATT&CK detection text, aliases, labels, or object-level tactics are provided. The external reference is limited to the Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019 report and the MITRE ATT&CK page. Local environment evidence is required to determine actual exposure, telemetry availability, false-positive rates, and control effectiveness. The related technique platform lists include non-Windows platforms, but the malware object itself lists Windows, so platform claims should be centered on Windows for this object.

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Official MITRE ATT&CK definition

TajMahal

TajMahal is a multifunctional spying framework that has been in use since at least 2014. TajMahal is comprised of two separate packages, named Tokyo and Yokohama, and can deploy up to 80 plugins.[1]

View the same entry on attack.mitre.org (MITRE-hosted reference; in-page links above use the Glexia ATT&CK library.)

Glexia analysis

How security teams should use this page

Treat this object as behavior context, not an attribution claim. Validate the related groups, software, data sources, and mitigations against official ATT&CK relationships and your own telemetry before making control-coverage decisions.

ATT&CK relationship table

Techniques used

This mirrors the MITRE pattern of making group, software, campaign, and technique relationships scannable. Relationship notes come from mirrored ATT&CK relationship text when available.

24 rows
DomainIDNameRelationship / procedure
EnterpriseT1560.002Archive via LibrarySub-technique

TajMahal has the ability to use the open source libraries XZip/Xunzip and zlib to compress files.[1]

EnterpriseT1125Video Capture

TajMahal has the ability to capture webcam video.[1]

EnterpriseT1082System Information Discovery

TajMahal has the ability to identify hardware information, the computer name, and OS information on an infected host.[1]

EnterpriseT1113Screen Capture

TajMahal has the ability to take screenshots on an infected host including capturing content from windows of instant messaging applications.[1]

EnterpriseT1123Audio Capture

TajMahal has the ability to capture VoiceIP application audio on an infected host.[1]

EnterpriseT1518.001Security Software DiscoverySub-technique

TajMahal has the ability to identify which anti-virus products, firewalls, and anti-spyware products are in use.[1]

EnterpriseT1119Automated Collection

TajMahal has the ability to index and compress files into a send queue for exfiltration.[1]

EnterpriseT1124System Time Discovery

TajMahal has the ability to determine local time on a compromised host.[1]

EnterpriseT1041Exfiltration Over C2 Channel

TajMahal has the ability to send collected files over its C2.[1]

EnterpriseT1057Process Discovery

TajMahal has the ability to identify running processes and associated plugins on an infected host.[1]

EnterpriseT1518Software Discovery

TajMahal has the ability to identify the Internet Explorer (IE) version on an infected host.[1]

EnterpriseT1112Modify Registry

TajMahal can set the KeepPrintedJobs attribute for configured printers in SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Print\\Printers to enable document stealing.[1]

EnterpriseT1016System Network Configuration Discovery

TajMahal has the ability to identify the MAC address on an infected host.[1]

EnterpriseT1020Automated Exfiltration

TajMahal has the ability to manage an automated queue of egress files and commands sent to its C2.[1]

EnterpriseT1129Shared Modules

TajMahal has the ability to inject the LoadLibrary call template DLL into running processes.[1]

EnterpriseT1539Steal Web Session Cookie

TajMahal has the ability to steal web session cookies from Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator, FireFox and RealNetworks applications.[1]

EnterpriseT1083File and Directory Discovery

TajMahal has the ability to index files from drives, user profiles, and removable drives.[1]

EnterpriseT1055.001Dynamic-link Library InjectionSub-technique

TajMahal has the ability to inject DLLs for malicious plugins into running processes.[1]

EnterpriseT1025Data from Removable Media

TajMahal has the ability to steal written CD images and files of interest from previously connected removable drives when they become available again.[1]

EnterpriseT1005Data from Local System

TajMahal has the ability to steal documents from the local system including the print spooler queue.[1]

EnterpriseT1056.001KeyloggingSub-technique

TajMahal has the ability to capture keystrokes on an infected host.[1]

EnterpriseT1120Peripheral Device Discovery

TajMahal has the ability to identify connected Apple devices.[1]

EnterpriseT1115Clipboard Data

TajMahal has the ability to steal data from the clipboard of an infected host.[1]

EnterpriseT1027Obfuscated Files or Information

TajMahal has used an encrypted Virtual File System to store plugins.[1]

Relationship explorer

All related ATT&CK context

uses · TechniqueT1560.002: Archive via LibraryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1125: Video CaptureEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1082: System Information DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1113: Screen CaptureEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1123: Audio CaptureEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1518.001: Security Software DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1119: Automated CollectionEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1124: System Time DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1041: Exfiltration Over C2 ChannelEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1057: Process DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1518: Software DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1112: Modify RegistryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1016: System Network Configuration DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1020: Automated ExfiltrationEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1129: Shared ModulesEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1539: Steal Web Session CookieEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1083: File and Directory DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1055.001: Dynamic-link Library InjectionEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1025: Data from Removable MediaEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1005: Data from Local SystemEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1056.001: KeyloggingEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1120: Peripheral Device DiscoveryEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1115: Clipboard DataEnterpriseuses · TechniqueT1027: Obfuscated Files or InformationEnterprise
Change history

Object version and sync metadata

The fields below describe the current mirrored snapshot. When Glexia retains multiple ATT&CK source imports, you can open the table to compare the same object across releases (hashes and MITRE timestamps). For MITRE’s own release notes and roadmap, see ATT&CK resources — Updates.

ATT&CK release
19.1
Object version
1.0
Created
Modified
Raw hash
ccb72cb61ab85b5e...
Imported snapshots across ATT&CK releases(1)
ReleaseBundle importedObject versionModifiedStatusRaw hash
19.11.0Current bundleccb72cb61ab8…
Raw source

Mirrored ATT&CK source object

The raw object is retained through the mirrored ATT&CK source bundle and object hash. The raw endpoint returns the exact object from the mirrored bundle when available.

Open mirrored raw JSONOpen MITRE-hosted copy
Source references

External references and citations

MITRE external references are preserved separately from Glexia analysis so citations remain traceable to their original source records.

  1. [1]
    Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019

    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019

    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019

    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
  4. [4]
    mitre-attackS0467
    Open source URL
  5. [5]
    mitre-attackS0467
    Open source URL
  6. [6]
    mitre-attackS0467
    Open source URL
  7. [7]
    Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019

    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019

    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019

    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019

    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    Open source URL
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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019

    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
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    Open source URL
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    GReAT. (2019, April 10). Project TajMahal – a sophisticated new APT framework. Retrieved October 14, 2019.

    Open source URL
Source and licensing

Source: MITRE ATT&CK®. © 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation. MITRE ATT&CK and ATT&CK are registered trademarks of The MITRE Corporation. Glexia is not affiliated with or endorsed by MITRE.

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