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MITRE ATT&CK® Malware

S0652: MarkiRAT

MarkiRAT is a remote access Trojan (RAT) compiled with Visual Studio that has been used by Ferocious Kitten since at least 2015.[1]

EnterpriseS0652MalwareObject v1.0 Modified
Glexia's Take

Analyst context for executives and security teams

Analyst confidence Medium

MarkiRAT matters because ATT&CK describes it as a Windows remote access Trojan associated with long-running surveillance activity. The relationship set maps it to behaviors that can turn one compromised workstation into a collection point: user and system discovery, command shell execution, persistence through Windows startup mechanisms, data staging, credential collection, screen/clipboard/key capture, web-based command and control, and exfiltration over that channel.

Executive priority

Treat this as a Windows endpoint resilience and sensitive-data exposure problem, not just a malware name. Leaders should ask whether high-risk users and systems have endpoint visibility, whether persistence mechanisms such as Run keys, startup folders, shortcuts, and BITS jobs are monitored, and whether SOC/IR teams can prove collection and exfiltration activity from a workstation. The Ferocious Kitten relationship and cited reporting provide threat-intelligence context, but local prioritization should be driven by business exposure, user risk, and data sensitivity.

Technical view

ATT&CK lists MarkiRAT on Windows and provides no official detection text, so validation should be behavior-led using the mapped techniques. SOC teams should test visibility for Windows command shell execution, native API-driven activity, process/user/system/software/security-tool discovery, local file and directory enumeration, local data staging, password-manager access, clipboard/screen/keylogging-related activity, BITS job abuse, Registry Run key/startup folder and shortcut persistence, inbound tool transfer, web-protocol C2, and exfiltration over the same C2 channel. Relationship context says Ferocious Kitten uses MarkiRAT; use that for enrichment, not as a standalone detection condition.

Likely telemetry

  • Windows EDR process creation, parent/child process, command-line, and module/API activity
  • Registry modification telemetry for Run keys and startup-related persistence
  • File system telemetry for startup folder and shortcut creation or modification
  • BITS job creation, modification, and transfer history
  • Windows command shell execution events

Detection direction

  • Build detections around technique chains rather than the malware name: discovery followed by staging, persistence, C2, and exfiltration is more actionable than any single weak signal.
  • Correlate Windows persistence changes with nearby command shell execution, BITS activity, tool transfer, or unusual outbound web traffic.
  • Tune discovery detections carefully because user, process, file, software, and security-tool enumeration can overlap with administration and inventory tools; prioritize unusual parent processes, user context, timing, and destination context.
  • For web-protocol C2, validate whether proxy/DNS/firewall logs preserve endpoint, user, process, URL/domain, timing, and volume context; encrypted traffic may limit content inspection.
  • For collection behaviors such as screen capture, clipboard access, keylogging, and password-manager access, confirm whether endpoint controls actually expose these events; many environments have blind spots here.

Mitigation priorities

  • Prioritize hardened Windows endpoint controls for high-risk users and systems, including prevention and monitoring of unauthorized persistence through Run keys, startup folders, shortcuts, and BITS jobs.
  • Limit the ability of untrusted processes to run command shells, transfer tools, or interact with sensitive local data where business operations allow.
  • Protect credential stores and password managers with strong access controls, user training, and monitoring for suspicious access patterns; assume credential exposure may require response actions if confirmed.
  • Ensure egress controls, proxy logging, and DNS/firewall monitoring can support investigation of web-protocol C2 and exfiltration over the same channel.
  • Maintain incident response playbooks that cover workstation triage, persistence removal, credential reset decisions, data-exposure assessment, and threat-intelligence enrichment.
Analyst notes and limits

The ATT&CK object identifies MarkiRAT as a Visual Studio-compiled RAT used by Ferocious Kitten since at least 2015, with Kaspersky reporting as the cited source. The strongest defensive value comes from the mapped behaviors: discovery, collection, credential access, persistence, command and control, ingress transfer, and exfiltration. The malware object itself has no official detection guidance.

This take is limited to the supplied ATT&CK fields, external references, and relationships. ATT&CK lists the malware platform as Windows, while several related technique descriptions include broader platform coverage; do not infer non-Windows MarkiRAT deployment from this object alone. No indicators, hashes, infrastructure, prevalence, active exploitation status, or guaranteed detection logic were supplied.

Official MITRE ATT&CK definition

MarkiRAT

MarkiRAT is a remote access Trojan (RAT) compiled with Visual Studio that has been used by Ferocious Kitten since at least 2015.[1]

View the same entry on attack.mitre.org (MITRE-hosted reference; in-page links above use the Glexia ATT&CK library.)

Glexia analysis

How security teams should use this page

Treat this object as behavior context, not an attribution claim. Validate the related groups, software, data sources, and mitigations against official ATT&CK relationships and your own telemetry before making control-coverage decisions.

ATT&CK relationship table

Techniques used

This mirrors the MITRE pattern of making group, software, campaign, and technique relationships scannable. Relationship notes come from mirrored ATT&CK relationship text when available.

22 rows
Domain ID Name Relationship / procedure
Enterprise T1197 BITS Jobs

MarkiRAT can use BITS Utility to connect with the C2 server.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1614.001 System Language Discovery Sub-technique

MarkiRAT can use the GetKeyboardLayout API to check if a compromised host's keyboard is set to Persian.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1033 System Owner/User Discovery

MarkiRAT can retrieve the victim’s username.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1083 File and Directory Discovery

MarkiRAT can look for files carrying specific extensions such as: .rtf, .doc, .docx, .xls, .xlsx, .ppt, .pptx, .pps, .ppsx, .txt, .gpg, .pkr, .kdbx, .key, and .jpb.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1106 Native API

MarkiRAT can run the ShellExecuteW API via the Windows Command Shell.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer

MarkiRAT can download additional files and tools from its C2 server, including through the use of BITSAdmin.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1547.009 Shortcut Modification Sub-technique

MarkiRAT can modify the shortcut that launches Telegram by replacing its path with the malicious payload to launch with the legitimate executable.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1005 Data from Local System

MarkiRAT can upload data from the victim's machine to the C2 server.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1056.001 Keylogging Sub-technique

MarkiRAT can capture all keystrokes on a compromised host.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1547.001 Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder Sub-technique

MarkiRAT can drop its payload into the Startup directory to ensure it automatically runs when the compromised system is started.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Sub-technique

MarkiRAT can utilize cmd.exe to execute commands in a victim's environment.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1518.001 Security Software Discovery Sub-technique

MarkiRAT can check for running processes on the victim’s machine to look for Kaspersky and Bitdefender antivirus products.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1082 System Information Discovery

MarkiRAT can obtain the computer name from a compromised host.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1041 Exfiltration Over C2 Channel

MarkiRAT can exfiltrate locally stored data via its C2.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1555.005 Password Managers Sub-technique

MarkiRAT can gather information from the Keepass password manager.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1036.005 Match Legitimate Resource Name or Location Sub-technique

MarkiRAT can masquerade as update.exe and svehost.exe; it has also mimicked legitimate Telegram and Chrome files.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1057 Process Discovery

MarkiRAT can search for different processes on a system.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1074.001 Local Data Staging Sub-technique

MarkiRAT can store collected data locally in a created .nfo file.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1071.001 Web Protocols Sub-technique

MarkiRAT can initiate communication over HTTP/HTTPS for its C2 server.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1518 Software Discovery

MarkiRAT can check for the Telegram installation directory by enumerating the files on disk.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1115 Clipboard Data

MarkiRAT can capture clipboard content.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Enterprise T1113 Screen Capture

MarkiRAT can capture screenshots that are initially saved as ‘scr.jpg’.CitationKaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

Associated objects

Groups, software, and campaigns

Relationship explorer

All related ATT&CK context

Change history

Object version and sync metadata

The fields below describe the current mirrored snapshot. When Glexia retains multiple ATT&CK source imports, you can open the table to compare the same object across releases (hashes and MITRE timestamps). For MITRE’s own release notes and roadmap, see ATT&CK resources — Updates .

ATT&CK release
19.1
Object version
1.0
Created
Modified
Raw hash
1725dd36065bcf7e...
Imported snapshots across ATT&CK releases (1)
Release Bundle imported Object version Modified Status Raw hash
19.1 1.0 Current bundle 1725dd36065b…
Raw source

Mirrored ATT&CK source object

The raw object is retained through the mirrored ATT&CK source bundle and object hash. The raw endpoint returns the exact object from the mirrored bundle when available.

Source references

External references and citations

MITRE external references are preserved separately from Glexia analysis so citations remain traceable to their original source records.

  1. [1]
    Kaspersky Ferocious Kitten Jun 2021

    GReAT. (2021, June 16). Ferocious Kitten: 6 Years of Covert Surveillance in Iran. Retrieved September 22, 2021.

    Open source URL
  2. [2]
    mitre-attack S0652
    Open source URL
Source and licensing

Source: MITRE ATT&CK®. © 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation. MITRE ATT&CK and ATT&CK are registered trademarks of The MITRE Corporation. Glexia is not affiliated with or endorsed by MITRE.