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MITRE ATT&CK® Malware

S1014: DanBot

DanBot is a first-stage remote access Trojan written in C# that has been used by HEXANE since at least 2018.[1]

EnterpriseS1014MalwareObject v1.1 Modified
Glexia's Take

Analyst context for executives and security teams

Analyst confidence Medium

DanBot matters because ATT&CK describes it as a Windows first-stage remote access Trojan used by HEXANE. Even without MITRE-provided detection text, its related behaviors point to a practical intrusion chain: phishing attachment execution, Windows command/VB activity, scheduled-task persistence, local data collection, remote access via VNC, file cleanup, and web/DNS command-and-control. For leaders, this is a useful test case for whether endpoint, email, network, and identity controls can connect early-stage access to later hands-on activity.

Executive priority

Prioritize this as a readiness and assurance question rather than a single malware signature question. Organizations should ask whether they can prove visibility across Windows endpoints, email-delivered files, scheduled tasks, DNS/web egress, and remote access activity. The HEXANE relationship is especially relevant for risk discussions in oil and gas, telecommunications, aviation, ISP, Middle East, and Africa contexts described by ATT&CK, but local exposure must be validated with internal threat modeling and telemetry.

Technical view

SOC and IR teams should validate coverage around the ATT&CK relationships for DanBot: spearphishing attachments and malicious file execution, Windows command shell and Visual Basic execution, scheduled task creation or modification, encoded/encrypted artifacts and later decoding, suspicious file deletion, local file/data access, ingress tool transfer, VNC use, and HTTP(S)/DNS command-and-control patterns. Because MITRE provides no dedicated detection guidance for this software object, detection engineering should map analytics to these related techniques instead of relying only on malware names or hashes.

Likely telemetry

  • Email security and attachment metadata for spearphishing attachment and malicious file execution evidence
  • Windows endpoint process creation, command-line, script/VB, and .NET execution telemetry
  • Windows Task Scheduler event logs and task registration/change records
  • Endpoint file creation, rename, encode/decode, access, and deletion events
  • EDR or host telemetry showing local data discovery/access before exfiltration

Detection direction

  • Build detections around behavior clusters: email attachment execution followed by command shell or VB activity, scheduled task persistence, and outbound web/DNS traffic from the same Windows host.
  • Tune scheduled-task monitoring for newly created, modified, or suspiciously named tasks, while accounting for legitimate administrative and software-update activity.
  • Correlate encoded/encrypted file artifacts with subsequent decode/deobfuscation and execution events rather than treating encoding alone as malicious.
  • Review VNC use against approved remote administration baselines; investigate new, rare, or externally exposed VNC sessions and connections following suspicious endpoint activity.
  • Use DNS and web telemetry for anomaly and reputation-informed review, but avoid assuming all HTTP(S) or DNS traffic is malicious because these protocols are common in enterprise environments.

Mitigation priorities

  • Start with phishing resistance and attachment handling controls, including user reporting paths and safe analysis workflows for suspicious files.
  • Harden Windows endpoint monitoring and administrative control of script interpreters, command shell use, and scheduled task creation where business operations allow.
  • Limit and monitor VNC and other remote access paths to approved systems, users, and network segments.
  • Control outbound web and DNS egress through monitored resolvers/proxies so command-and-control-like behavior can be reviewed.
  • Apply least-privilege and administrative separation to reduce the value of initial access and limit persistence or lateral movement opportunities.
Analyst notes and limits

This take is based on the ATT&CK S1014 software object, its SecureWorks external reference, and the supplied relationships. The strongest defensive value comes from the relationship-driven technique map rather than from a DanBot-specific detection recipe. The HEXANE relationship provides sector and regional context from ATT&CK, but it should not be treated as proof of current targeting or exposure for any specific organization.

MITRE does not provide official detection text, aliases, labels, or explicit tactics for the DanBot object. Some related techniques are multi-platform, but the supplied DanBot platform is Windows; do not generalize DanBot coverage to other platforms without separate evidence. Local baselines, logging configuration, and approved remote administration practices are required to determine detection quality and false-positive rates.

Official MITRE ATT&CK definition

DanBot

DanBot is a first-stage remote access Trojan written in C# that has been used by HEXANE since at least 2018.[1]

View the same entry on attack.mitre.org (MITRE-hosted reference; in-page links above use the Glexia ATT&CK library.)

Glexia analysis

How security teams should use this page

Treat this object as behavior context, not an attribution claim. Validate the related groups, software, data sources, and mitigations against official ATT&CK relationships and your own telemetry before making control-coverage decisions.

ATT&CK relationship table

Techniques used

This mirrors the MITRE pattern of making group, software, campaign, and technique relationships scannable. Relationship notes come from mirrored ATT&CK relationship text when available.

14 rows
Domain ID Name Relationship / procedure
Enterprise T1053.005 Scheduled Task Sub-technique

DanBot can use a scheduled task for installation.CitationSecureWorks August 2019

Enterprise T1036.005 Match Legitimate Resource Name or Location Sub-technique

DanBot files have been named `UltraVNC.exe` and `WINVNC.exe` to appear as legitimate VNC tools.CitationClearSky Siamesekitten August 2021

Enterprise T1021.005 VNC Sub-technique

DanBot can use VNC for remote access to targeted systems.CitationClearSky Siamesekitten August 2021

Enterprise T1027.013 Encrypted/Encoded File Sub-technique

DanBot can Base64 encode its payload.CitationSecureWorks August 2019

Enterprise T1070.004 File Deletion Sub-technique

DanBot can delete its configuration file after installation.CitationClearSky Siamesekitten August 2021

Enterprise T1204.002 Malicious File Sub-technique

DanBot has relied on victims' opening a malicious file for initial execution.CitationSecureWorks August 2019CitationClearSky Siamesekitten August 2021

Enterprise T1071.004 DNS Sub-technique

DanBot can use use IPv4 A records and IPv6 AAAA DNS records in C2 communications.CitationSecureWorks August 2019

Enterprise T1005 Data from Local System

DanBot can upload files from compromised hosts.CitationSecureWorks August 2019

Enterprise T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer

DanBot can download additional files to a targeted system.CitationSecureWorks August 2019

Enterprise T1566.001 Spearphishing Attachment Sub-technique

DanBot has been distributed within a malicious Excel attachment via spearphishing emails.CitationSecureWorks August 2019

Enterprise T1071.001 Web Protocols Sub-technique

DanBot can use HTTP in C2 communication.CitationSecureWorks August 2019

Enterprise T1059.005 Visual Basic Sub-technique

DanBot can use a VBA macro embedded in an Excel file to drop the payload.CitationSecureWorks August 2019

Enterprise T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Sub-technique

DanBot has the ability to execute arbitrary commands via `cmd.exe`.CitationSecureWorks August 2019CitationClearSky Siamesekitten August 2021

Enterprise T1140 Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information

DanBot can use a VBA macro to decode its payload prior to installation and execution.CitationSecureWorks August 2019

Associated objects

Groups, software, and campaigns

Group Enterprise

G1001: HEXANE

HEXANE is a cyber espionage threat group that has targeted oil & gas, telecommunications, aviation, and internet service provider organizations since at least 2017. Targeted companies have been located in the Middle East and Africa, including Israel, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Morocco, and Tunisia. HEXANE's TTPs appear similar to APT33 and OilRig but due to differences in victims and tools it is tracked as a separate entity.[1][2][3][4]

Relationship explorer

All related ATT&CK context

Change history

Object version and sync metadata

The fields below describe the current mirrored snapshot. When Glexia retains multiple ATT&CK source imports, you can open the table to compare the same object across releases (hashes and MITRE timestamps). For MITRE’s own release notes and roadmap, see ATT&CK resources — Updates .

ATT&CK release
19.1
Object version
1.1
Created
Modified
Raw hash
015ad2df146223ec...
Imported snapshots across ATT&CK releases (1)
Release Bundle imported Object version Modified Status Raw hash
19.1 1.1 Current bundle 015ad2df1462…
Raw source

Mirrored ATT&CK source object

The raw object is retained through the mirrored ATT&CK source bundle and object hash. The raw endpoint returns the exact object from the mirrored bundle when available.

Source references

External references and citations

MITRE external references are preserved separately from Glexia analysis so citations remain traceable to their original source records.

  1. [1]
    SecureWorks August 2019

    SecureWorks 2019, August 27 LYCEUM Takes Center Stage in Middle East Campaign Retrieved. 2019/11/19

    Open source URL
  2. [2]
    mitre-attack S1014
    Open source URL
Source and licensing

Source: MITRE ATT&CK®. © 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation. MITRE ATT&CK and ATT&CK are registered trademarks of The MITRE Corporation. Glexia is not affiliated with or endorsed by MITRE.