Live Active security incident? Get immediate response
MITRE ATT&CK® Malware

S1134: DEADWOOD

DEADWOOD is wiper malware written in C++ using Boost libraries. DEADWOOD was first observed in an unattributed wiping event in Saudi Arabia in 2019, and has since been incorporated into Agrius operations.[1]

EnterpriseS1134MalwareObject v1.0 Modified
Glexia's Take

Analyst context for executives and security teams

Analyst confidence Medium

DEADWOOD matters because it is identified by ATT&CK as Windows wiper malware associated with destructive outcomes, including data destruction, disk content wiping, disk structure wiping, and account access removal. For leaders, the practical issue is not only malware detection; it is whether the organization can preserve operations, restore systems, and make fast incident decisions when endpoints or boot structures may be intentionally damaged.

Executive priority

Treat this as an operational resilience and incident readiness concern. The supplied ATT&CK relationships point to impact behaviors that can interrupt system and network availability, so executives should ask whether critical Windows systems have recoverable backups, whether destructive activity would be noticed quickly, whether privileged service/account changes are tightly controlled, and whether IR teams have authority to isolate affected hosts before wiping spreads or recovery evidence is lost.

Technical view

MITRE provides no official detection text for DEADWOOD, so coverage should be validated through the related behaviors: Embedded Payloads, Encrypted/Encoded File, Masquerade Task or Service, System Time Discovery, Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information, Data Destruction, Account Access Removal, Disk Content Wipe, Disk Structure Wipe, and Windows Service Execution. SOC and IR teams should confirm visibility into Windows process execution, service creation/control, suspicious service naming, decoding or unpacking activity, destructive file and disk writes, boot/partition structure modification attempts, and account deletion/lockout/permission changes.

Likely telemetry

  • Windows endpoint process creation and command-line telemetry
  • Windows service creation, modification, and execution events
  • Task or service names, display names, descriptions, and parent-child process context
  • File creation, overwrite, deletion, and high-volume modification activity
  • Raw disk, boot record, partition table, or storage-device write indicators where available

Detection direction

  • Do not rely on a DEADWOOD-specific signature alone; MITRE does not provide official detection guidance for this object.
  • Prioritize behavior-based analytics around destructive file activity, disk structure/content modification, and account access removal.
  • Tune Windows service execution detections for suspicious creation, renaming, masquerading, unusual parent processes, and execution from unexpected paths.
  • Correlate obfuscation-related behaviors, such as embedded payloads and encrypted/encoded files, with subsequent decoding and execution activity.
  • Account for false positives from legitimate administration, backup, deployment, disk management, and incident response tooling.

Mitigation priorities

  • Maintain and regularly test recoverable backups for critical Windows systems, including scenarios where local disks or boot structures are damaged.
  • Restrict administrative privileges that can create services, alter accounts, or write to sensitive disk areas.
  • Harden monitoring and approval around Windows service creation and privileged account changes.
  • Use application control or execution control where appropriate to reduce execution of untrusted binaries and disguised services.
  • Prepare wiper-specific IR playbooks that emphasize rapid isolation, evidence preservation, recovery sequencing, and business continuity decisions.
Analyst notes and limits

ATT&CK describes DEADWOOD as C++ wiper malware using Boost libraries, first observed in an unattributed wiping event in Saudi Arabia in 2019, and later incorporated into Agrius operations. The relationship context supplied also states APT33 uses this object. These statements should be treated as ATT&CK context, not proof of current activity in any local environment.

The ATT&CK object has no official detection section and no malware-level tactic list. Local validation is required to determine whether telemetry, controls, backups, and response procedures actually cover the related techniques on Windows systems. This summary does not assert active exploitation or guaranteed detection coverage.

Official MITRE ATT&CK definition

DEADWOOD

DEADWOOD is wiper malware written in C++ using Boost libraries. DEADWOOD was first observed in an unattributed wiping event in Saudi Arabia in 2019, and has since been incorporated into Agrius operations.[1]

View the same entry on attack.mitre.org (MITRE-hosted reference; in-page links above use the Glexia ATT&CK library.)

Glexia analysis

How security teams should use this page

Treat this object as behavior context, not an attribution claim. Validate the related groups, software, data sources, and mitigations against official ATT&CK relationships and your own telemetry before making control-coverage decisions.

ATT&CK relationship table

Techniques used

This mirrors the MITRE pattern of making group, software, campaign, and technique relationships scannable. Relationship notes come from mirrored ATT&CK relationship text when available.

10 rows
Domain ID Name Relationship / procedure
Enterprise T1561.001 Disk Content Wipe Sub-technique

DEADWOOD deletes files following overwriting them with random data.CitationSentinelOne Agrius 2021

Enterprise T1027.009 Embedded Payloads Sub-technique

DEADWOOD contains an embedded, AES-encrypted payload labeled METADATA that provides configuration information for follow-on execution.CitationSentinelOne Agrius 2021

Enterprise T1485 Data Destruction

DEADWOOD overwrites files on victim systems with random data to effectively destroy them.CitationSentinelOne Agrius 2021

Enterprise T1036.004 Masquerade Task or Service Sub-technique

DEADWOOD will attempt to masquerade its service execution using benign-looking names such as ScDeviceEnums.CitationSentinelOne Agrius 2021

Enterprise T1027.013 Encrypted/Encoded File Sub-technique

DEADWOOD contains an embedded, AES-encrypted resource named METADATA that contains configuration information for follow-on execution.CitationSentinelOne Agrius 2021

Enterprise T1569.002 Service Execution Sub-technique

DEADWOOD can be executed as a service using various names, such as ScDeviceEnums.CitationSentinelOne Agrius 2021

Enterprise T1140 Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information

DEADWOOD XORs some strings within the binary using the value 0xD5, and deobfuscates these items at runtime.CitationSentinelOne Agrius 2021

Enterprise T1124 System Time Discovery

DEADWOOD will set a timestamp value to determine when wiping functionality starts. When the timestamp is met on the system, a trigger file is created on the operating system allowing for execution to proceed. If the timestamp is in the past, the wiper will execute immediately.CitationSentinelOne Agrius 2021

Enterprise T1531 Account Access Removal

DEADWOOD changes the password for local and domain users via net.exe to a random 32 character string to prevent these accounts from logging on. Additionally, DEADWOOD will terminate the winlogon.exe process to prevent attempts to log on to the infected system.CitationSentinelOne Agrius 2021

Enterprise T1561.002 Disk Structure Wipe Sub-technique

DEADWOOD opens and writes zeroes to the first 512 bytes of each drive, deleting the MBR. DEADWOOD then sends the control code IOCTL_DISK_DELETE_DRIVE_LAYOUT to ensure the MBR is removed from the drive.CitationSentinelOne Agrius 2021

Associated objects

Groups, software, and campaigns

Group Enterprise

G0064: APT33

APT33 is a suspected Iranian threat group that has carried out operations since at least 2013. The group has targeted organizations across multiple industries in the United States, Saudi Arabia, and South Korea, with a particular interest in the aviation and energy sectors.[1][2]

Group Enterprise

G1030: Agrius

Agrius is an Iranian threat actor active since 2020 notable for a series of ransomware and wiper operations in the Middle East, with an emphasis on Israeli targets.[1][2] Public reporting has linked Agrius to Iran's Ministry of Intelligence and Security (MOIS).[3]

Relationship explorer

All related ATT&CK context

Change history

Object version and sync metadata

The fields below describe the current mirrored snapshot. When Glexia retains multiple ATT&CK source imports, you can open the table to compare the same object across releases (hashes and MITRE timestamps). For MITRE’s own release notes and roadmap, see ATT&CK resources — Updates .

ATT&CK release
19.1
Object version
1.0
Created
Modified
Raw hash
88d973d03d7d66b1...
Imported snapshots across ATT&CK releases (1)
Release Bundle imported Object version Modified Status Raw hash
19.1 1.0 Current bundle 88d973d03d7d…
Raw source

Mirrored ATT&CK source object

The raw object is retained through the mirrored ATT&CK source bundle and object hash. The raw endpoint returns the exact object from the mirrored bundle when available.

Source references

External references and citations

MITRE external references are preserved separately from Glexia analysis so citations remain traceable to their original source records.

  1. [1]
    SentinelOne Agrius 2021

    Amitai Ben & Shushan Ehrlich. (2021, May). From Wiper to Ransomware: The Evolution of Agrius. Retrieved May 21, 2024.

    Open source URL
  2. [2]
    mitre-attack S1134
    Open source URL
Source and licensing

Source: MITRE ATT&CK®. © 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation. MITRE ATT&CK and ATT&CK are registered trademarks of The MITRE Corporation. Glexia is not affiliated with or endorsed by MITRE.