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MITRE ATT&CK® Malware

S1193: TAMECAT

TAMECAT is a malware that is used by APT42 to execute PowerShell or C# content.[1]

EnterpriseS1193MalwareObject v1.0 Modified
Glexia's Take

Analyst context for executives and security teams

Analyst confidence Medium

TAMECAT matters because it is a Windows malware entry associated in ATT&CK with APT42 and described as executing PowerShell or C# content. For leaders, the practical concern is not just the malware name; it is the operating pattern it implies: script-based execution, Windows administration interfaces, web-based command-and-control, tool transfer, encoded or encrypted traffic, and checks for security software. These behaviors can undermine endpoint visibility and delay incident response if PowerShell, WMI, command shell, and outbound web telemetry are incomplete.

Executive priority

Prioritize this as a validation case for Windows endpoint resilience and SOC readiness. Executives should ask whether the organization can prove it collects and reviews the evidence needed to investigate script execution, WMI activity, command shell use, suspicious outbound web traffic, file ingress, and security tool discovery. This object is especially useful for control assurance: it tests whether identity, endpoint logging, network monitoring, and incident response workflows can connect execution activity on a host to follow-on command-and-control behavior.

Technical view

ATT&CK provides no dedicated detection text for TAMECAT, so defenders should pivot to the related techniques: T1047 Windows Management Instrumentation, T1059.001 PowerShell, T1059.003 Windows Command Shell, T1059.005 Visual Basic, T1071.001 Web Protocols, T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer, T1132.001 Standard Encoding, T1518.001 Security Software Discovery, and T1573.001 Symmetric Cryptography. SOC teams should validate Windows-focused detections for unusual PowerShell or C# execution chains, WMI process creation, command shell spawning patterns, script interpreter use, newly transferred tools, and outbound web sessions that may contain encoded or encrypted command-and-control content. IR teams should ensure playbooks preserve process lineage, script content where available, network destinations, downloaded files, and evidence of security software enumeration.

Likely telemetry

  • Windows endpoint process creation and parent-child process lineage
  • PowerShell execution logs, including script block/module logging where enabled
  • WMI activity logs and process creation via WMI
  • Command shell execution records
  • Visual Basic or Windows scripting host execution evidence where collected

Detection direction

  • Do not depend on a malware signature alone; ATT&CK’s available context points to behavior-based coverage across Windows execution, discovery, and command-and-control techniques.
  • Tune PowerShell analytics for suspicious encoded commands, unusual invocation contexts, remote execution patterns, and PowerShell spawned by unexpected parent processes, while accounting for legitimate administration activity.
  • Validate WMI detections for local or remote command execution, especially where WMI launches script interpreters, cmd.exe, or other execution utilities.
  • Correlate command shell, PowerShell, Visual Basic, file download, and outbound web activity into a single timeline rather than reviewing each alert class in isolation.
  • Review web protocol monitoring for unusual destinations, uncommon user-agent or URI patterns, repeated beacon-like behavior, and transferred files, while recognizing that encryption and standard encoding can reduce content visibility.

Mitigation priorities

  • Establish reliable Windows logging first: process creation, PowerShell, WMI, file creation, and network egress evidence should be available to SOC and IR teams.
  • Harden and monitor administrative execution paths such as PowerShell, WMI, command shell, and scripting engines according to business need and least privilege.
  • Apply egress monitoring and control for outbound web traffic, with retention sufficient to support incident reconstruction.
  • Restrict unnecessary tool transfer paths and monitor creation of new executables, scripts, or payloads on endpoints.
  • Review access controls for administrators and service accounts that can use WMI or remote execution mechanisms.
Analyst notes and limits

This take is based on the official ATT&CK S1193 TAMECAT object, its Mandiant external reference, and the supplied relationships. The malware is explicitly described as used by APT42 to execute PowerShell or C# content, and the relationship set links it to execution, discovery, command-and-control, encoding, encryption, and tool transfer techniques. The operational value for defenders is to use TAMECAT as a coverage test for Windows script execution and outbound communications rather than as a standalone indicator-driven detection case.

ATT&CK provides no official detection guidance, aliases, labels, or malware-specific tactics for TAMECAT in the supplied object. The object platform is Windows; some related command-and-control techniques list broader platforms in ATT&CK, but this summary treats TAMECAT validation as Windows-centered. Local conclusions require environment-specific telemetry, baselines, approved administration patterns, and any available indicators from the cited reporting.

Official MITRE ATT&CK definition

TAMECAT

TAMECAT is a malware that is used by APT42 to execute PowerShell or C# content.[1]

View the same entry on attack.mitre.org (MITRE-hosted reference; in-page links above use the Glexia ATT&CK library.)

Glexia analysis

How security teams should use this page

Treat this object as behavior context, not an attribution claim. Validate the related groups, software, data sources, and mitigations against official ATT&CK relationships and your own telemetry before making control-coverage decisions.

ATT&CK relationship table

Techniques used

This mirrors the MITRE pattern of making group, software, campaign, and technique relationships scannable. Relationship notes come from mirrored ATT&CK relationship text when available.

9 rows
Domain ID Name Relationship / procedure
Enterprise T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Sub-technique

TAMECAT has used `cmd.exe` to run the `curl` command.CitationMandiant APT42-untangling

Enterprise T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer

TAMECAT has used `wget` and `curl` to download additional content.CitationMandiant APT42-untangling

Enterprise T1059.005 Visual Basic Sub-technique

TAMECAT has used VBScript to query anti-virus products.CitationMandiant APT42-untangling

Enterprise T1132.001 Standard Encoding Sub-technique

TAMECAT has encoded C2 traffic with Base64.CitationMandiant APT42-untangling

Enterprise T1047 Windows Management Instrumentation

TAMECAT has used Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to query anti-virus products.CitationMandiant APT42-untangling

Enterprise T1573.001 Symmetric Cryptography Sub-technique

TAMECAT has used AES to encrypt C2 traffic.CitationMandiant APT42-untangling

Enterprise T1518.001 Security Software Discovery Sub-technique

TAMECAT has used Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to check for anti-virus products.CitationMandiant APT42-untangling

Enterprise T1059.001 PowerShell Sub-technique

TAMECAT has used PowerShell to download and run additional content.CitationMandiant APT42-untangling

Enterprise T1071.001 Web Protocols Sub-technique

TAMECAT has used HTTP for C2 communications.CitationMandiant APT42-untangling

Associated objects

Groups, software, and campaigns

Group Enterprise

G1044: APT42

APT42 is an Iranian-sponsored threat group that conducts cyber espionage and surveillance.[1] The group primarily focuses on targets in the Middle East region, but has targeted a variety of industries and countries since at least 2015.[1] APT42 starts cyber operations through spearphishing emails and/or the PINEFLOWER Android malware, then monitors and collects information from the compromised systems and devices.[1] Finally, APT42 exfiltrates data using native features and open-source tools.[2]

APT42 activities have been linked to Magic Hound by other commercial vendors. While there are behavior and software overlaps between Magic Hound and APT42, they appear to be distinct entities and are tracked as separate entities by their originating vendor.

Relationship explorer

All related ATT&CK context

Change history

Object version and sync metadata

The fields below describe the current mirrored snapshot. When Glexia retains multiple ATT&CK source imports, you can open the table to compare the same object across releases (hashes and MITRE timestamps). For MITRE’s own release notes and roadmap, see ATT&CK resources — Updates .

ATT&CK release
19.1
Object version
1.0
Created
Modified
Raw hash
d0cadb754d7a2cb7...
Imported snapshots across ATT&CK releases (1)
Release Bundle imported Object version Modified Status Raw hash
19.1 1.0 Current bundle d0cadb754d7a…
Raw source

Mirrored ATT&CK source object

The raw object is retained through the mirrored ATT&CK source bundle and object hash. The raw endpoint returns the exact object from the mirrored bundle when available.

Source references

External references and citations

MITRE external references are preserved separately from Glexia analysis so citations remain traceable to their original source records.

  1. [1]
    Mandiant APT42-untangling

    Rozmann, O., et al. (2024, May 1). Uncharmed: Untangling Iran's APT42 Operations. Retrieved October 9, 2024.

    Open source URL
  2. [2]
    mitre-attack S1193
    Open source URL
Source and licensing

Source: MITRE ATT&CK®. © 2026 The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation. MITRE ATT&CK and ATT&CK are registered trademarks of The MITRE Corporation. Glexia is not affiliated with or endorsed by MITRE.