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CVE Record

CVE-2026-77635: CakePHP: FunctionsBuilder::jsonValue() vulerable to SQL injection with PostgresDriver

CakePHP is a rapid development framework for PHP. Prior to versions 5.1.10, 5.2.15, and 5.3.7 on their respective release lines, FunctionsBuilder::jsonValue() with PostgresDriver is vulnerable to SQL injection when user-controlled data is supplied to the jsonPath parameter. This issue is fixed in versions 5.1.10, 5.2.15, and 5.3.7.

CriticalCVSS 9.2Not KEV-listedUpdated
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Glexia's TakeAutomated analysiscritical

Security readout for executives and security teams

Plain-English summary

A CakePHP database helper can turn attacker-controlled JSON path input into SQL when an application uses PostgreSQL. Successful abuse could expose or alter database data and may disrupt availability. The flaw is critical, but exposure depends on applications passing untrusted data into this specific parameter.

Executive priority

Begin immediate exposure triage. Prioritize upgrades for externally reachable applications satisfying all three conditions: an affected version, PostgreSQL, and user-controlled jsonPath input. Patch confirmed exposures urgently because successful injection could seriously affect database confidentiality and integrity.

Technical view

CVE-2026-77635 is CWE-89 SQL injection in FunctionsBuilder::jsonValue() with PostgresDriver. It affects CakePHP 5.1.0–5.1.9, 5.2.0–5.2.14, and 5.3.0–5.3.6 when user-controlled data reaches jsonPath. Versions 5.1.10, 5.2.15, and 5.3.7 contain the fix.

Likely exposure

Likely exposed systems are affected CakePHP applications using PostgreSQL and this helper where request-derived or otherwise user-controlled values reach jsonPath. Installations using another database driver, avoiding this function, or preventing user control of jsonPath are not shown affected by the supplied evidence.

Exploitation context

The CVSS 4.0 score is 9.2, with network access, low complexity, no required privileges, and no user interaction, although an attack prerequisite exists. The bundle marks KEV false, and no supplied source reports active exploitation. Exploit prevalence is therefore unknown.

Researcher notes

The vulnerable behavior is specifically tied to jsonPath handling in FunctionsBuilder::jsonValue() with PostgresDriver; the record does not establish that every CakePHP deployment is vulnerable. It lists both cakephp/cakephp and cakephp/database, supplies three fixing commits, and provides no CPE identifiers or evidence of exploitation in the wild.

Mitigation direction

  • Upgrade CakePHP to 5.1.10, 5.2.15, or 5.3.7, matching the deployed release line.
  • Until upgraded, prevent user-controlled data from reaching jsonPath in FunctionsBuilder::jsonValue().
  • Review the CakePHP advisory and applicable release notes before production rollout.

Validation and detection

  • Inventory CakePHP and cakephp/database versions from deployment manifests and resolved dependencies.
  • Confirm whether the application uses PostgresDriver with FunctionsBuilder::jsonValue().
  • Trace jsonPath inputs and determine whether any are user controlled.
  • After upgrading, verify the runtime uses a fixed version and regression-test affected application paths.
Prepared
Confidence
high
Sources
5

Public sources used

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.

ATT&CK lookup starting points

Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.

cwe · medium confidence lookup

CWE-89: Database access and collection lookup

Injection into data stores can inform collection, data access, and exfiltration detection reviews. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.

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description · low confidence lookup

Database behavior lookup

The CVE wording references database injection or access, so collection and exfiltration review may help. This is a Glexia inferred lookup path, not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, or CVE Program mapping.

Open ATT&CK lookup
cve · low confidence lookup

CVE-2026-77635 mapping review

Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.

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Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
Critical
CVSS
9.2 (4.0)
Known Exploited
No
Published

Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

1CVSS vectors
3Timeline events
1ADP providers
8Source links

SSVC decision data

CISA-ADPCISA Coordinator
Timestamp
Version
2.0.3
Exploitation: noneAutomatable: yesTechnical Impact: total

CVSS vector scores

1 official score

We collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.

ScoreVersionSeverityVectorExploitImpactSource
9.2CVSS 4.0CriticalCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N——GitHub_M

Vulnerability scoring details

Base CVSS 4.0 score

9.2Critical
CVSS 4.0 vector shape for CVE-2026-77635Attack VectorAttack ComplexityAttack RequirementsPrivileges RequiredUser InteractionVS ConfidentialityVS IntegrityVS AvailabilitySS ConfidentialitySS IntegritySS Availability

Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Attack Vector
NetworkAdjacentLocalPhysical
Attack Complexity
LowHigh
Attack Requirements
NonePresent
Privileges Required
NoneLowHigh
User Interaction
NonePassiveActive
VS Confidentiality
HighLowNone
VS Integrity
HighLowNone
VS Availability
HighLowNone
SS Confidentiality
HighLowNone
SS Integrity
HighLowNone
SS Availability
HighLowNone

Vulnerability timeline

Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.

  1. CVE reservedCVE Program

    The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.

  2. CVE publishedCVE Program

    The CVE record was published.

  3. CVE updatedCVE Program

    The CVE record metadata indicates this as the latest update time.

ADP provider summaries

CISA-ADPCISA ADP Vulnrichment
other:ssvc

Source materials

Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
cakephpcakephp>= 5.1.0, < 5.1.10, >= 5.2.0, < 5.2.15, >= 5.3.0, < 5.3.7Listed
cakephpcakephp/database>= 5.1.0, < 5.1.10, >= 5.2.0, < 5.2.15, >= 5.3.0, < 5.3.7Listed
Weakness

CWE details

CWE-89

CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.