LiveActive security incident?Get immediate response
CVE Record

CVE-2026-48165: MariaDB: unsafe usage of `wsrep_sst_receive_address` values on the joiner side

MariaDB server is a community developed fork of MySQL server. From versions 10.6.1 to before 10.6.27, 10.11.1 to before 10.11.18, 11.4.1 to before 11.4.12, 11.8.1 to before 11.8.8, and 12.3.1, a high-privileged MariaDB user could've used wsrep_sst_receive_address or wsrep_sst_donor global system variables to execute shell commands as the uid of the mariadbd process on the galera joiner node. This issue has been patched in versions 10.6.27, 10.11.18, 11.4.12, 11.8.8, and 12.3.2.

CriticalCVSS 9.1Not KEV-listedUpdated
Discuss exposureBack to CVEs
Glexia's TakeAutomated analysiscritical

Security readout for executives and security teams

Plain-English summary

This is a critical MariaDB issue affecting specific 10.6, 10.11, 11.4, 11.8, and 12.3 releases. A highly privileged database user could cause command execution on a Galera joiner node as the MariaDB server process user. It is serious, but the cited evidence requires high database privileges and does not show active exploitation.

Executive priority

Treat this as an urgent patching item for affected MariaDB Galera environments. The privilege requirement lowers internet-scale risk, but successful abuse could compromise confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the database host context.

Technical view

The flaw is CWE-78 command injection from unsafe handling of wsrep_sst_receive_address or wsrep_sst_donor global system variables on the joiner side. A high-privileged MariaDB user could execute shell commands as the mariadbd uid on affected Galera joiner nodes. MariaDB lists fixed versions 10.6.27, 10.11.18, 11.4.12, 11.8.8, and 12.3.2.

Likely exposure

Highest exposure is MariaDB Server deployments using affected versions with Galera clustering/SST joiner workflows and accounts allowed to change global system variables. Standalone deployments may have less practical exposure, but the provided sources do not fully characterize non-Galera impact.

Exploitation context

The CVSS score is 9.1 with network attack vector, low complexity, high privileges required, no user interaction, and changed scope. KEV is false, and the supplied sources do not cite active exploitation or public exploit availability.

Researcher notes

Focus validation on the privilege boundary around global wsrep variables and SST joiner behavior. The bundle identifies the vulnerable variables, affected branches, fixed releases, and Red Hat advisories, but does not include exploit telemetry or detailed patch internals.

Mitigation direction

  • Upgrade MariaDB to the fixed version for the deployed branch.
  • Apply relevant Red Hat advisories for Red Hat-packaged MariaDB deployments.
  • Restrict accounts that can change global system variables.
  • Review vendor guidance before using temporary compensating controls.
  • Prioritize Galera cluster joiner nodes and administrative database accounts.

Validation and detection

  • Inventory MariaDB Server versions across all environments.
  • Identify Galera clusters and nodes that can act as joiners.
  • Review who can modify global system variables.
  • Check configuration and audit history for wsrep_sst_receive_address and wsrep_sst_donor changes.
  • Confirm package versions match vendor-fixed releases.
Prepared
Confidence
high
Sources
12

Public sources used

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.

ATT&CK lookup starting points

Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.

cwe · medium confidence lookup

CWE-78: Command execution behavior lookup

Command injection weaknesses can lead defenders to review execution techniques and command interpreter telemetry. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.

Open ATT&CK lookup
cve · low confidence lookup

CVE-2026-48165 mapping review

Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.

Open ATT&CK lookup
Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
Critical
CVSS
9.1 (3.1)
Known Exploited
No
Published

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

2CVSS vectors
5Timeline events
2ADP providers
13Source links

SSVC decision data

CISA-ADPCISA Coordinator
Timestamp
Version
2.0.3
Exploitation: noneAutomatable: noTechnical Impact: total

CVSS vector scores

2 official scores

We collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.

ScoreVersionSeverityVectorExploitImpactSource
9.1CVSS 3.1CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H2.36redhat-SADP
8CVSS 3.1HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H1.36GitHub_M

Vulnerability scoring details

Base CVSS 3.1 score

9.1Critical
CVSS 3.1 vector shape for CVE-2026-48165Attack VectorAttack ComplexityPrivileges RequiredUser InteractionScopeConfidentiality ImpactIntegrity ImpactAvailability Impact

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector
NetworkAdjacentLocalPhysical
Attack Complexity
LowHigh
Privileges Required
NoneLowHigh
User Interaction
NoneRequired
Scope
ChangedUnchanged
Confidentiality Impact
HighLowNone
Integrity Impact
HighLowNone
Availability Impact
HighLowNone

Vulnerability timeline

Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.

  1. CVE reservedCVE Program

    The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.

  2. ADP timelineredhat-SADP

    Made public.

  3. CVE publishedCVE Program

    The CVE record was published.

  4. ADP timelineredhat-SADP

    Reported to Red Hat.

  5. CVE updatedCVE Program

    The CVE record metadata indicates this as the latest update time.

ADP provider summaries

CISA-ADPCISA ADP Vulnrichment
other:ssvc
redhat-SADPmariadb: Arbitrary code execution via global system variable manipulation by a high-privileged user
other:Red Hat severity ratingcvssV3_1
  • 2026-06-12T18:01:28.777Z: Reported to Red Hat.
  • 2026-06-12T17:35:16.918Z: Made public.

Source materials

Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
MariaDBserver>= 10.6.1, < 10.6.27, >= 10.11.1, < 10.11.18, >= 11.4.1, < 11.4.12, >= 11.8.1, < 11.8.8, >= 12.3.1, < 12.3.2Listed
Weakness

CWE details

CWE-78

CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.

CWE-78 · source CWE mapping

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.

Open CWE intelligenceSame-CWE CVEs