CVE-2026-47075: CR/LF injection in query parameter in hackney
Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences vulnerability in benoitc hackney allows HTTP Request Splitting. hackney does not percent-encode carriage return (\r) or line feed (\n) characters in the URL query component before constructing the HTTP/1.1 request target. Characters outside the grammar defined in RFC 3986 Section 3.4 must be percent-encoded, but hackney_url:make_url/3 passes the query binary directly without validation or escaping. An attacker who can control all or part of a URL passed to hackney can inject raw CRLF sequences into the query string, which are then sent as HTTP line breaks in the request target. This enables injection of arbitrary HTTP headers or splitting of the HTTP request.
This issue affects hackney: from 0.13.1 before 4.0.1.
Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
Hackney can place unescaped carriage-return or line-feed characters from a URL query into an HTTP/1.1 request. If an attacker influences that URL, they may inject headers or split the request, potentially compromising downstream request integrity. The issue affects versions 0.13.1 through 4.0.0.
Executive priority
Prioritize remediation for internet-facing or multi-tenant applications where users influence outbound URLs. The moderate rating supports prompt, risk-based patching rather than emergency response absent exploitation evidence. Escalate if affected hackney paths reach sensitive upstream services, authentication boundaries, proxies, or systems that trust injected headers.
Technical view
hackney_url:make_url/3 passes query binaries into the HTTP/1.1 request target without validating or percent-encoding CR/LF characters as required by RFC 3986. This creates CWE-93 HTTP request-splitting exposure. The supplied CVSS 4.0 score is 6.8, with integrity impact dependent on attacker-controlled URL input and additional interaction or preconditions.
Likely exposure
Exposure is most likely where applications use hackney 0.13.1 through 4.0.0 and allow untrusted data to influence complete URLs or query components. Systems constructing only trusted URLs, or independently rejecting or encoding CR/LF characters, have lower practical exposure. Transitive dependencies may conceal affected installations.
Exploitation context
The source bundle does not establish active exploitation, and the CVE is not listed as KEV. Exploitation requires attacker influence over all or part of a URL passed to hackney. The supplied vector also indicates local access, additional preconditions, and user interaction, so reachability depends heavily on application data flow.
Researcher notes
The vulnerable range is 0.13.1 before 4.0.1, with a referenced corrective commit. Confirm actual reachability at hackney_url:make_url/3 and whether the resulting request uses HTTP/1.1. The bundle establishes possible header injection and request splitting, but provides no evidence of observed exploitation or universal exploitability across applications.
Mitigation direction
Upgrade hackney to version 4.0.1 or later.
Identify and update applications carrying affected hackney versions transitively.
Reject or safely encode CR/LF characters in untrusted URL and query inputs.
Review the vendor advisory before relying on compensating controls.
Validation and detection
Inventory direct and transitive hackney versions across deployed applications.
Trace whether untrusted input can influence URLs or query components passed to hackney.
Confirm URL controls reject or percent-encode carriage returns and line feeds.
Verify deployed builds resolve hackney to version 4.0.1 or later.
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Potential ATT&CK relevance
Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context
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cwe · low confidence lookup
CWE-93: Exact CWE lookup
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CWE-93 · source CWE mapping
Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection') represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.