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CVE Record

CVE-2026-31892: WorkflowTemplate Security Bypass via podSpecPatch in Strict/Secure Reference Mode

Argo Workflows is an open source container-native workflow engine for orchestrating parallel jobs on Kubernetes. From 2.9.0 to before 4.0.2 and 3.7.11, A user who can submit Workflows can completely bypass all security settings defined in a WorkflowTemplate by including a podSpecPatch field in their Workflow submission. This works even when the controller is configured with templateReferencing: Strict, which is specifically documented as a mechanism to restrict users to admin-approved templates. The podSpecPatch field on a submitted Workflow takes precedence over the referenced WorkflowTemplate during spec merging and is applied directly to the pod spec at creation time with no security validation. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.0.2 and 3.7.11.

CriticalCVSS 9.9Not KEV-listedUpdated
Glexia's TakeAutomated analysiscritical

Security readout for executives and security teams

Plain-English summary

Argo Workflows can let a low-privileged workflow submitter override administrator-approved template security settings. The issue affects strict or secure reference mode, so organizations relying on approved templates may have weaker isolation than expected. A successful bypass could affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability of Kubernetes workloads.

Executive priority

Treat this as urgent for clusters where Argo Workflows is multi-tenant or used to enforce approved execution templates. The issue undermines a security boundary administrators may explicitly depend on.

Technical view

In affected Argo Workflows versions, podSpecPatch supplied in a Workflow is merged after the referenced WorkflowTemplate and applied directly to the pod spec without security validation. This bypasses templateReferencing: Strict controls intended to restrict users to approved WorkflowTemplates.

Likely exposure

Exposure is likely where Argo Workflows versions 2.9.0 to before 3.7.11, or 4.0.0 to before 4.0.2, allow users or service accounts to submit Workflows.

Exploitation context

The bundle does not cite known active exploitation, and KEV is false. The vulnerability requires authenticated workflow submission privileges, but has low attack complexity and high potential impact once those privileges exist.

Researcher notes

The core issue is trust in user-controlled Workflow fields during template merge precedence. Evidence supports CWE-807 and CWE-863 classifications. The source bundle does not provide a broader affected-product list beyond argoproj argo-workflows and Red Hat references.

Mitigation direction

  • Upgrade Argo Workflows to 3.7.11, 4.0.2, or later fixed releases.
  • Restrict Workflow submission permissions until affected controllers are upgraded.
  • Review vendor advisories for Red Hat packaged or downstream Argo Workflows deployments.
  • Do not rely on templateReferencing: Strict alone as a complete control on vulnerable versions.

Validation and detection

  • Inventory Argo Workflows controller versions across all Kubernetes clusters.
  • Identify users and service accounts allowed to submit Workflows.
  • Review Workflow submissions and audit logs for podSpecPatch usage.
  • Confirm upgraded controllers are running fixed versions before restoring normal submission access.
Prepared
Confidence
high
Sources
7

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.

ATT&CK lookup starting points

Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.

cwe · low confidence lookup

CWE-807: Exact CWE lookup

Use the exact CWE identifier as the starting point before reviewing related ATT&CK behavior. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.

Open ATT&CK lookup
cwe · medium confidence lookup

CWE-863: Authorization and privilege behavior lookup

Authorization weaknesses can support privilege escalation and valid-account review, depending on exploit path. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.

Open ATT&CK lookup
description · low confidence lookup

Container behavior lookup

The affected technology mentions containers, so container-specific ATT&CK technique review may help. This is a Glexia inferred lookup path, not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, or CVE Program mapping.

Open ATT&CK lookup
cve · low confidence lookup

CVE-2026-31892 mapping review

Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.

Open ATT&CK lookup
Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
Critical
CVSS
9.9 (3.1)
Known Exploited
No
Published

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

2CVSS vectors
5Timeline events
2ADP providers
6Source links

SSVC decision data

CISA-ADPCISA Coordinator
Timestamp
Version
2.0.3
Exploitation: pocAutomatable: noTechnical Impact: total

CVSS vector scores

2 official scores

We collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.

ScoreVersionSeverityVectorExploitImpactSource
9.9CVSS 3.1CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H3.16redhat-SADP
8.9CVSS 4.0HighCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H——GitHub_M

Vulnerability scoring details

Base CVSS 4.0 score

8.9High
CVSS 4.0 vector shape for CVE-2026-31892Attack VectorAttack ComplexityAttack RequirementsPrivileges RequiredUser InteractionVS ConfidentialityVS IntegrityVS AvailabilitySS ConfidentialitySS IntegritySS Availability

Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Attack Vector
NetworkAdjacentLocalPhysical
Attack Complexity
LowHigh
Attack Requirements
NonePresent
Privileges Required
NoneLowHigh
User Interaction
NonePassiveActive
VS Confidentiality
HighLowNone
VS Integrity
HighLowNone
VS Availability
HighLowNone
SS Confidentiality
HighLowNone
SS Integrity
HighLowNone
SS Availability
HighLowNone

Vulnerability timeline

Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.

  1. CVE reservedCVE Program

    The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.

  2. ADP timelineredhat-SADP

    Made public.

  3. CVE publishedCVE Program

    The CVE record was published.

  4. ADP timelineredhat-SADP

    Reported to Red Hat.

  5. CVE updatedCVE Program

    The CVE record metadata indicates this as the latest update time.

ADP provider summaries

CISA-ADPCISA ADP Vulnrichment
other:ssvc
redhat-SADPgithub.com/argoproj/argo-workflows: Argo Workflows: Security bypass allows privilege escalation via podSpecPatch field
other:Red Hat severity ratingcvssV3_1
  • 2026-03-11T16:01:11.139Z: Reported to Red Hat.
  • 2026-03-11T15:41:14.376Z: Made public.

Source materials

Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
argoprojargo-workflows>= 4.0.0, < 4.0.2, >= 2.9.0, < 3.7.11Listed
Weakness

CWE details

CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.

CWE-807 · source CWE mapping

Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision

Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.

CWE-863 · source CWE mapping

Incorrect Authorization

Incorrect Authorization represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.