Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
CVE-2026-28415 is an open redirect in Gradio’s OAuth flow. A user interacting with login or logout could be sent to an attacker-controlled external site. This is mainly a phishing and trust-abuse risk, not direct server compromise. Gradio fixed it in version 6.6.0.
Executive priority
Treat as a near-term hygiene fix for internet-facing or user-facing Gradio apps with OAuth. It is not described as a remote code execution issue, but it can undermine user trust and enable phishing through legitimate application URLs.
Technical view
Before Gradio 6.6.0, _redirect_to_target() accepted an unvalidated _target_url query parameter. On OAuth-enabled Gradio apps, including Hugging Face Spaces using gr.LoginButton, /logout and /login/callback could redirect to arbitrary external URLs. The fix sanitizes _target_url to retain only path, query, and fragment, removing scheme and host.
Likely exposure
Exposure is limited to Gradio applications below 6.6.0 with OAuth enabled, specifically including apps on Hugging Face Spaces using gr.LoginButton. Non-OAuth Gradio apps are not described as affected in the provided sources.
Exploitation context
The issue requires user interaction and network access. Sources do not report active exploitation, and the CVE is not listed as KEV. Practical impact is redirecting users to attacker-controlled sites, which can support phishing or social engineering.
Researcher notes
The advisory maps this to CWE-601 among other CWEs. The relevant attack surface is /logout and /login/callback when OAuth is enabled. Do not assume broader Gradio exposure beyond the affected conditions stated in the source bundle.
Mitigation direction
- Upgrade Gradio to version 6.6.0 or later.
- Identify OAuth-enabled Gradio apps using gr.LoginButton.
- Review vendor advisory for any environment-specific guidance.
- Avoid relying on user-controlled redirect URLs in authentication flows.
Validation and detection
- Inventory deployed Gradio versions and flag versions below 6.6.0.
- Confirm whether affected apps enable OAuth login flows.
- Check for use of gr.LoginButton, especially on Hugging Face Spaces.
- Verify upgraded instances use Gradio 6.6.0 or later.
Public sources used
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context
These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.
ATT&CK lookup starting points
Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.
CWE-200: Information exposure and cloud metadata lookup
Information exposure and SSRF weaknesses can make discovery, cloud metadata, and credential material review relevant. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.
Open ATT&CK lookupCWE-284: Authorization and privilege behavior lookup
Authorization weaknesses can support privilege escalation and valid-account review, depending on exploit path. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.
Open ATT&CK lookupCWE-330: Exact CWE lookup
Use the exact CWE identifier as the starting point before reviewing related ATT&CK behavior. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.
Open ATT&CK lookupCWE-601: User-session and phishing behavior lookup
Client-side and session-facing weaknesses should be reviewed alongside initial-access and user-execution behaviors. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.
Open ATT&CK lookupCVE-2026-28415 mapping review
Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.
Open ATT&CK lookup- Severity
- Medium
- CVSS
- 4.3 (3.1)
- Known Exploited
- No
- Published
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5
These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.
CVSS vector scores
1 official scoreWe collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N2.81.4Primary CVE scoreVulnerability scoring details
Base CVSS 3.1 score
4.3MediumVector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Source materials
- CVE List V5 sourceCVE List V5
- https://github.com/gradio-app/gradio/security/advisories/GHSA-pfjf-5gxr-995xCVE reference · x_refsource_CONFIRM
Products and packages named in the record
CWE details
CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.