CVE-2026-28377: S3 SSE-C Encryption Key Exposed in Plaintext via Config Endpoint (CVE-2025-41118 Pattern)
A vulnerability in Grafana Tempo exposes the S3 SSE-C encryption key in plaintext through the /status/config endpoint, potentially allowing unauthorized users to obtain the key used to encrypt trace data stored in S3.
Thanks to william_goodfellow for reporting this vulnerability.
Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
Grafana Tempo may reveal the secret used to encrypt S3 trace data through its configuration-status endpoint. An unauthenticated network user who can reach that endpoint could obtain the key, undermining trace-data confidentiality. The supplied record identifies Tempo 2.10.3, but does not establish whether other versions are affected.
Executive priority
Prioritize immediate assessment for internet-facing or broadly accessible Tempo 2.10.3 deployments using S3 SSE-C. Restrict the endpoint first, investigate possible access, and coordinate key handling carefully. The business concern is potential disclosure of trace data and sensitive operational information, not demonstrated data alteration or service disruption.
Technical view
The /status/config endpoint can expose an S3 SSE-C encryption key in plaintext. The supplied CVSS 3.1 score is 7.5, reflecting network access, low complexity, no privileges, no user interaction, and high confidentiality impact. The record assigns CWE-326, although the described failure is specifically plaintext secret disclosure.
Likely exposure
Highest risk applies to Tempo 2.10.3 deployments using S3 SSE-C where /status/config is reachable by untrusted users or networks. Deployments not using SSE-C, not running the identified version, or preventing unauthorized endpoint access are less likely to be exposed. The bundle marks other versions unaffected by default but provides incomplete version-range detail.
Exploitation context
The issue is remotely reachable and reportedly requires no authentication when the endpoint is exposed. The supplied sources do not report active exploitation, and CVE-2026-28377 is not listed as KEV in the bundle. No exploit maturity or observed attack activity is established.
Researcher notes
The supplied CVSS vector limits modeled impact to confidentiality. Evidence supports plaintext key exposure through /status/config, but the bundle does not name a fixed release, clarify authentication defaults, or provide complete affected-version boundaries. Validate those points against the current vendor advisory before closing or escalating findings.
Mitigation direction
Check Grafana's advisory for supported fixed versions or vendor-approved remediation.
Restrict /status/config to trusted administrative networks and authenticated access.
Determine whether the SSE-C key was exposed before rotating or replacing it.
Follow AWS and Grafana guidance to preserve access when changing SSE-C keys.
Treat affected trace data and disclosed encryption material as potentially compromised.
Validation and detection
Inventory Grafana Tempo versions and identify deployments running 2.10.3.
Confirm whether each deployment uses S3 server-side encryption with customer-provided keys.
Verify whether untrusted users or networks can reach /status/config.
Review access logs for unexpected requests to the configuration endpoint.
Confirm remediation without collecting, displaying, or retaining the encryption key.
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Potential ATT&CK relevance
Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context
These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.
ATT&CK lookup starting points
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cwe · low confidence lookup
CWE-326: Exact CWE lookup
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CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.
CWE-326 · source CWE mapping
Inadequate Encryption Strength
Inadequate Encryption Strength represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.