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CVE Record

CVE-2026-27727: mchange-commons-java: Remote Code Execution via JNDI Reference Resolution

mchange-commons-java, a library that provides Java utilities, includes code that mirrors early implementations of JNDI functionality, including support for remote `factoryClassLocation` values, by which code can be downloaded and invoked within a running application. If an attacker can provoke an application to read a maliciously crafted `jaxax.naming.Reference` or serialized object, they can provoke the download and execution of malicious code. Implementations of this functionality within the JDK were disabled by default behind a System property that defaults to `false`, `com.sun.jndi.ldap.object.trustURLCodebase`. However, since mchange-commons-java includes an independent implementation of JNDI derefencing, libraries (such as c3p0) that resolve references via that implementation could be provoked to download and execute malicious code even after the JDK was hardened. Mirroring the JDK patch, mchange-commons-java's JNDI functionality is gated by configuration parameters that default to restrictive values starting in version 0.4.0. No known workarounds are available. Versions prior to 0.4.0 should be avoided on application CLASSPATHs.

HighCVSS 8.9Not KEV-listedUpdated
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Glexia's TakeAutomated analysishigh

Security readout for executives and security teams

Plain-English summary

CVE-2026-27727 is a high-impact Java library flaw that can let malicious code run inside an application if the application is made to process a crafted JNDI Reference or serialized object. The issue affects mchange-commons-java before 0.4.0. The provided sources do not show active exploitation.

Executive priority

Treat as high priority for affected Java services because successful exploitation can mean application-level code execution and data impact. Prioritize systems that process external input or use c3p0/mchange components. The urgency is below confirmed mass exploitation because KEV and provided sources do not confirm active abuse.

Technical view

mchange-commons-java implemented JNDI reference resolution behavior independently of hardened JDK defaults, including remote factoryClassLocation loading. Libraries resolving references through that code, including c3p0 per the sources, could download and invoke remote code. Version 0.4.0 gates this functionality with restrictive defaults.

Likely exposure

Exposure is most likely in Java applications with mchange-commons-java versions earlier than 0.4.0 on the runtime classpath, particularly applications using mchange/c3p0 components that may deserialize objects or resolve attacker-influenced JNDI References.

Exploitation context

The source bundle describes prerequisite attacker influence over a crafted Reference or serialized object. CVSS lists network attack vector, low complexity, present attack requirements, and high privileges. KEV is false, and no cited source confirms exploitation in the wild.

Researcher notes

The key research question is reachability: whether an attacker can cause the target application to resolve a malicious Reference or serialized object through mchange-commons-java code. Do not assume exposure from dependency presence alone; confirm version, classpath, dependent libraries, and input path reachability.

Mitigation direction

  • Upgrade mchange-commons-java to version 0.4.0 or later.
  • Remove mchange-commons-java versions before 0.4.0 from application classpaths.
  • Apply relevant vendor packages or errata where using Red Hat distributions.
  • Review c3p0 security configuration guidance from the vendor.
  • If immediate upgrade is blocked, check vendor guidance; no workaround is named.

Validation and detection

  • Inventory dependency trees and runtime classpaths for mchange-commons-java versions below 0.4.0.
  • Check bundled or transitive c3p0/mchange dependencies in Java applications.
  • Verify deployed artifacts use the upgraded library, not only build files.
  • Review application paths that deserialize objects or resolve JNDI References.
  • Confirm applicable Red Hat advisories are installed for managed platforms.
Prepared
Confidence
high
Sources
11

Public sources used

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.

ATT&CK lookup starting points

Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.

cwe · medium confidence lookup

CWE-502: Code execution behavior lookup

Code execution and unsafe deserialization weaknesses often justify reviewing execution behavior and process telemetry. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.

Open ATT&CK lookup
cwe · low confidence lookup

CWE-74: Exact CWE lookup

Use the exact CWE identifier as the starting point before reviewing related ATT&CK behavior. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.

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description · low confidence lookup

Execution behavior lookup

The CVE wording references code or command execution, so execution technique review may help defensive triage. This is a Glexia inferred lookup path, not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, or CVE Program mapping.

Open ATT&CK lookup
cve · low confidence lookup

CVE-2026-27727 mapping review

Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.

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Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
High
CVSS
8.9 (4.0)
Known Exploited
No
Published

Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

2CVSS vectors
5Timeline events
2ADP providers
15Source links

SSVC decision data

CISA-ADPCISA Coordinator
Timestamp
Version
2.0.3
Exploitation: pocAutomatable: noTechnical Impact: total

CVSS vector scores

2 official scores

We collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.

ScoreVersionSeverityVectorExploitImpactSource
8.9CVSS 4.0HighCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H——GitHub_M
8.3CVSS 3.1HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H1.66redhat-SADP

Vulnerability scoring details

Base CVSS 4.0 score

8.9High
CVSS 4.0 vector shape for CVE-2026-27727Attack VectorAttack ComplexityAttack RequirementsPrivileges RequiredUser InteractionVS ConfidentialityVS IntegrityVS AvailabilitySS ConfidentialitySS IntegritySS Availability

Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Attack Vector
NetworkAdjacentLocalPhysical
Attack Complexity
LowHigh
Attack Requirements
NonePresent
Privileges Required
NoneLowHigh
User Interaction
NonePassiveActive
VS Confidentiality
HighLowNone
VS Integrity
HighLowNone
VS Availability
HighLowNone
SS Confidentiality
HighLowNone
SS Integrity
HighLowNone
SS Availability
HighLowNone

Vulnerability timeline

Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.

  1. CVE reservedCVE Program

    The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.

  2. ADP timelineredhat-SADP

    Made public.

  3. CVE publishedCVE Program

    The CVE record was published.

  4. ADP timelineredhat-SADP

    Reported to Red Hat.

  5. CVE updatedCVE Program

    The CVE record metadata indicates this as the latest update time.

ADP provider summaries

CISA-ADPCISA ADP Vulnrichment
other:ssvc
redhat-SADPcom.mchange/mchange-commons-java: mchange-commons-java: Arbitrary code execution via JNDI dereferencing of crafted objects
other:Red Hat severity ratingcvssV3_1
  • 2026-02-25T17:04:31.254Z: Reported to Red Hat.
  • 2026-02-25T16:01:04.187Z: Made public.

Source materials

Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
swaldmanmchange-commons-java< 0.4.0Listed
Weakness

CWE details

CWE-502CWE-74

CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.