Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
CVE-2026-27495 is a critical n8n sandbox escape. A logged-in user who can create or edit workflows may run code outside the JavaScript Task Runner sandbox. In the default internal runner mode, this can lead to full compromise of the n8n host.
Executive priority
Prioritize this as urgent for self-hosted n8n environments using Task Runners, especially where workflow editing is delegated. Successful abuse can compromise the automation host and potentially connected secrets, systems, and workflows.
Technical view
The issue is CWE-94 code injection in n8n’s JavaScript Task Runner sandbox. It affects n8n versions before 1.123.22, 2.9.3, and 2.10.1 when Task Runners are enabled with N8N_RUNNERS_ENABLED=true. CVSS v4.0 is 9.4 with low attack complexity, low privileges, and no user interaction.
Likely exposure
Exposure is limited to n8n deployments with Task Runners enabled. Risk is highest where workflow creation or editing is granted broadly, including to semi-trusted users. Internal Task Runner mode is the default and has the most severe host-compromise impact.
Exploitation context
The advisory states exploitation requires authentication and permission to create or modify workflows. The provided sources do not state active exploitation, and the CVE is not marked KEV in the supplied bundle.
Researcher notes
Focus validation on version, Task Runner enablement, runner mode, and workflow-editing permissions. Do not assume all n8n instances are exposed; Task Runners must be enabled. Sources identify fixed versions and temporary mitigations but do not provide evidence of exploitation in the wild.
Mitigation direction
- Upgrade n8n to 1.123.22, 2.9.3, 2.10.1, or later.
- Restrict workflow creation and editing to fully trusted users.
- If upgrade is delayed, consider external runner mode to reduce blast radius.
- Treat workarounds as temporary; they do not fully remediate the vulnerability.
Validation and detection
- Inventory n8n instances and record installed versions.
- Check whether N8N_RUNNERS_ENABLED=true is configured.
- Determine whether N8N_RUNNERS_MODE is internal or external.
- Review which users can create or modify workflows.
- Confirm upgraded instances run a fixed version or later.
Public sources used
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context
These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.
ATT&CK lookup starting points
Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.
CWE-94: Code execution behavior lookup
Code execution and unsafe deserialization weaknesses often justify reviewing execution behavior and process telemetry. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.
Open ATT&CK lookupExecution behavior lookup
The CVE wording references code or command execution, so execution technique review may help defensive triage. This is a Glexia inferred lookup path, not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, or CVE Program mapping.
Open ATT&CK lookupPrivilege behavior lookup
The CVE wording references privilege impact, so privilege escalation and authorization behavior review may help. This is a Glexia inferred lookup path, not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, or CVE Program mapping.
Open ATT&CK lookupCVE-2026-27495 mapping review
Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.
Open ATT&CK lookup- Severity
- Critical
- CVSS
- 9.4 (4.0)
- Known Exploited
- No
- Published
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5
These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.
CVSS vector scores
1 official scoreWe collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H——Primary CVE scoreVulnerability scoring details
Base CVSS 4.0 score
9.4CriticalVector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
Source materials
- CVE List V5 sourceCVE List V5
- https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-jjpj-p2wh-qf23CVE reference · x_refsource_CONFIRM
- https://docs.n8n.io/hosting/configuration/task-runnersCVE reference · x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@1.123.22CVE reference · x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.10.1CVE reference · x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.9.3CVE reference · x_refsource_MISC
Products and packages named in the record
CWE details
CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.