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CVE Record

CVE-2026-23214: btrfs: reject new transactions if the fs is fully read-only

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: reject new transactions if the fs is fully read-only [BUG] There is a bug report where a heavily fuzzed fs is mounted with all rescue mount options, which leads to the following warnings during unmount: BTRFS: Transaction aborted (error -22) Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 9758 Comm: repro.out Not tainted 6.19.0-rc5-00002-gb71e635feefc #7 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:find_free_extent_update_loop fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c:4208 [inline] RIP: 0010:find_free_extent+0x52f0/0x5d20 fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c:4611 Call Trace: <TASK> btrfs_reserve_extent+0x2cd/0x790 fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c:4705 btrfs_alloc_tree_block+0x1e1/0x10e0 fs/btrfs/extent-tree.c:5157 btrfs_force_cow_block+0x578/0x2410 fs/btrfs/ctree.c:517 btrfs_cow_block+0x3c4/0xa80 fs/btrfs/ctree.c:708 btrfs_search_slot+0xcad/0x2b50 fs/btrfs/ctree.c:2130 btrfs_truncate_inode_items+0x45d/0x2350 fs/btrfs/inode-item.c:499 btrfs_evict_inode+0x923/0xe70 fs/btrfs/inode.c:5628 evict+0x5f4/0xae0 fs/inode.c:837 __dentry_kill+0x209/0x660 fs/dcache.c:670 finish_dput+0xc9/0x480 fs/dcache.c:879 shrink_dcache_for_umount+0xa0/0x170 fs/dcache.c:1661 generic_shutdown_super+0x67/0x2c0 fs/super.c:621 kill_anon_super+0x3b/0x70 fs/super.c:1289 btrfs_kill_super+0x41/0x50 fs/btrfs/super.c:2127 deactivate_locked_super+0xbc/0x130 fs/super.c:474 cleanup_mnt+0x425/0x4c0 fs/namespace.c:1318 task_work_run+0x1d4/0x260 kernel/task_work.c:233 exit_task_work include/linux/task_work.h:40 [inline] do_exit+0x694/0x22f0 kernel/exit.c:971 do_group_exit+0x21c/0x2d0 kernel/exit.c:1112 __do_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:1123 [inline] __se_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:1121 [inline] __x64_sys_exit_group+0x3f/0x40 kernel/exit.c:1121 x64_sys_call+0x2210/0x2210 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:232 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xe8/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x44f639 Code: Unable to access opcode bytes at 0x44f60f. RSP: 002b:00007ffc15c4e088 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000e7 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00000000004c32f0 RCX: 000000000044f639 RDX: 000000000000003c RSI: 00000000000000e7 RDI: 0000000000000001 RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: ffffffffffffffc0 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00000000004c32f0 R13: 0000000000000001 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000001 </TASK> Since rescue mount options will mark the full fs read-only, there should be no new transaction triggered. But during unmount we will evict all inodes, which can trigger a new transaction, and triggers warnings on a heavily corrupted fs. [CAUSE] Btrfs allows new transaction even on a read-only fs, this is to allow log replay happen even on read-only mounts, just like what ext4/xfs do. However with rescue mount options, the fs is fully read-only and cannot be remounted read-write, thus in that case we should also reject any new transactions. [FIX] If we find the fs has rescue mount options, we should treat the fs as error, so that no new transaction can be started.

UnknownCVSS not scoredNot KEV-listedUpdated
Glexia's TakeAutomated analysisunknown

Security readout for executives and security teams

Plain-English summary

CVE-2026-23214 is a Linux kernel Btrfs bug where a filesystem made fully read-only by rescue mount options could still start new transactions during unmount. The reported impact is kernel warnings and aborted transactions on a heavily corrupted filesystem. The sources do not show active exploitation or a broader impact such as privilege escalation.

Executive priority

Track through normal kernel patch management unless your environment relies on Btrfs recovery workflows. There is no cited active exploitation, CVSS score, or clear business-impact evidence, but kernel filesystem bugs deserve timely maintenance once vendors ship updates.

Technical view

Btrfs normally permits transactions on read-only mounts to support log replay. In fully read-only rescue mode, that behavior is unsafe: inode eviction during unmount can trigger a transaction even though the filesystem cannot become writable. The fix rejects new transactions when rescue mount options make the filesystem fully read-only.

Likely exposure

Exposure appears limited to Linux systems using Btrfs, especially when mounting corrupted Btrfs filesystems with rescue options. The source bundle lists affected Linux kernel versions and stable commits, but does not provide distribution-specific package status.

Exploitation context

The public description is based on a bug report involving a heavily fuzzed filesystem mounted with rescue options. KEV is false, and no cited source states active exploitation. The source bundle does not describe remote attack paths, weaponized exploitation, or required privileges.

Researcher notes

Severity evidence is incomplete: no CVSS, CWE, KEV listing, or exploitability discussion is provided. The affected-version data is upstream-oriented and includes commit identifiers, so distribution mapping requires vendor advisories. Focus validation on Btrfs rescue-mode behavior and fixed-kernel provenance.

Mitigation direction

  • Apply vendor kernel updates that include the referenced stable Btrfs fixes.
  • Check Linux distribution advisories for exact package versions and backports.
  • Prioritize systems that use Btrfs or handle corrupted filesystem recovery.
  • Avoid treating generic upstream versions as distribution package status.

Validation and detection

  • Inventory Linux hosts using Btrfs filesystems.
  • Confirm kernel packages include one of the referenced stable fixes or vendor backports.
  • Review kernel logs for Btrfs transaction abort warnings during rescue unmounts.
  • Check recovery workflows that mount corrupted Btrfs images with rescue options.
Prepared
Confidence
medium
Sources
5

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

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Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
Unknown
CVSS
Not scored
Known Exploited
No
Published
Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

0CVSS vectors
3Timeline events
0ADP providers
4Source links

Vulnerability timeline

Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.

  1. CVE reservedCVE Program

    The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.

  2. CVE publishedCVE Program

    The CVE record was published.

  3. CVE updatedCVE Program

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Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
LinuxLinux42437a6386ffeaaf200731e73d723ea491f3fe7d, 42437a6386ffeaaf200731e73d723ea491f3fe7d, 42437a6386ffeaaf200731e73d723ea491f3fe7dunaffected
LinuxLinux5.11, 0, 6.12.70, 6.18.10, 6.19affected
Weakness

CWE details

No CWE listed

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