CVE-2025-71235: scsi: qla2xxx: Delay module unload while fabric scan in progress
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
scsi: qla2xxx: Delay module unload while fabric scan in progress
System crash seen during load/unload test in a loop.
[105954.384919] RBP: ffff914589838dc0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000086
[105954.384920] R10: 000000000000000f R11: ffffa31240904be5 R12: ffff914605f868e0
[105954.384921] R13: ffff914605f86910 R14: 0000000000008010 R15: 00000000ddb7c000
[105954.384923] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff9163fec40000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[105954.384925] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[105954.384926] CR2: 000055d31ce1d6a0 CR3: 0000000119f5e001 CR4: 0000000000770ee0
[105954.384928] PKRU: 55555554
[105954.384929] Call Trace:
[105954.384931] <IRQ>
[105954.384934] qla24xx_sp_unmap+0x1f3/0x2a0 [qla2xxx]
[105954.384962] ? qla_async_scan_sp_done+0x114/0x1f0 [qla2xxx]
[105954.384980] ? qla24xx_els_ct_entry+0x4de/0x760 [qla2xxx]
[105954.384999] ? __wake_up_common+0x80/0x190
[105954.385004] ? qla24xx_process_response_queue+0xc2/0xaa0 [qla2xxx]
[105954.385023] ? qla24xx_msix_rsp_q+0x44/0xb0 [qla2xxx]
[105954.385040] ? __handle_irq_event_percpu+0x3d/0x190
[105954.385044] ? handle_irq_event+0x58/0xb0
[105954.385046] ? handle_edge_irq+0x93/0x240
[105954.385050] ? __common_interrupt+0x41/0xa0
[105954.385055] ? common_interrupt+0x3e/0xa0
[105954.385060] ? asm_common_interrupt+0x22/0x40
The root cause of this was that there was a free (dma_free_attrs) in the
interrupt context. There was a device discovery/fabric scan in
progress. A module unload was issued which set the UNLOADING flag. As
part of the discovery, after receiving an interrupt a work queue was
scheduled (which involved a work to be queued). Since the UNLOADING
flag is set, the work item was not allocated and the mapped memory had
to be freed. The free occurred in interrupt context leading to system
crash. Delay the driver unload until the fabric scan is complete to
avoid the crash.
Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
This issue can crash a Linux system when the qla2xxx storage driver is unloaded while a fabric scan is still running. The business impact is availability risk on systems using that driver, especially storage-connected hosts. The source bundle does not provide CVSS, confirmed exploitation, or broad product impact beyond Linux kernel affected versions.
Executive priority
Treat as a targeted availability issue for Linux storage infrastructure. Patch during normal kernel maintenance, escalating priority for hosts where an unexpected crash would disrupt production storage or critical workloads.
Technical view
During qla2xxx discovery, an interrupt can schedule work while module unload has set the UNLOADING flag. Because the work item is not allocated, mapped memory is freed in interrupt context, causing a crash. The kernel fix delays driver unload until the fabric scan completes.
Likely exposure
Likely limited to Linux systems running affected kernel versions where the qla2xxx SCSI driver is present and used. Systems not loading this driver or not using the relevant fabric scan path are unlikely to be exposed based on the supplied evidence.
Exploitation context
The source bundle says KEV is false and provides no evidence of active exploitation. The described trigger came from load/unload testing in a loop during fabric discovery, not from a reported in-the-wild attack.
Researcher notes
The evidence supports a kernel-driver crash caused by unsafe free behavior in interrupt context during module unload. Impact scope, exploitability, and CVSS are not provided. Validation should focus on driver presence, affected kernel lineage, and whether downstream distributions have shipped equivalent fixes.
Mitigation direction
Apply vendor-provided kernel updates containing the referenced stable fixes.
Prioritize storage hosts that load or depend on the qla2xxx driver.
Avoid unnecessary qla2xxx module unloads during active fabric discovery until patched.
Check Linux distribution advisories for backported fixed kernel packages.
Validation and detection
Inventory Linux hosts for affected kernel versions and qla2xxx driver usage.
Confirm whether qla2xxx is loaded on storage-connected systems.
Verify installed kernels include the referenced upstream stable commits or vendor backports.
Review crash logs for qla2xxx call traces during module unload or fabric scans.
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Potential ATT&CK relevance
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CVE-2025-71235 mapping review
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