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CVE Record

CVE-2025-53066: Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of O...

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: JAXP). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u461, 8u461-perf, 11.0.28, 17.0.16, 21.0.8, 25; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.16 and 21.0.8; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

HighCVSS 7.5Not KEV-listedUpdated
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Glexia's TakeAutomated analysishigh

Security readout for executives and security teams

Plain-English summary

CVE-2025-53066 is a high-severity information disclosure issue in Oracle Java and GraalVM JAXP. A remote, unauthenticated attacker may access critical data when affected Java components process supplied data through relevant APIs.

Executive priority

Prioritize remediation in the next high-priority patch cycle, especially for internet-facing Java services. The business risk is unauthorized access to sensitive data, not system takeover based on the provided CVSS impacts.

Technical view

The issue is classified as CWE-200 in JAXP. Oracle rates it CVSS 7.5 with network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges, no user interaction, and high confidentiality impact. Integrity and availability impacts are not listed.

Likely exposure

Exposure is most likely where affected Java SE or GraalVM versions process untrusted data through JAXP, including web services feeding data into those APIs. Sandboxed Java Web Start or applet deployments relying on the Java sandbox are also in scope.

Exploitation context

The source bundle says the vulnerability is easily exploitable over multiple protocols. It also says KEV is false, and no provided source states active exploitation. Treat exploit status as unconfirmed, not known exploited.

Researcher notes

The bundle does not provide root cause details, proof-of-concept status, exploit artifacts, or exact fixed build numbers. Avoid assuming affected downstream products beyond Oracle, Debian LTS context, and Siemens advisory coverage without vendor confirmation.

Mitigation direction

  • Inventory Oracle Java SE and GraalVM versions against the affected version list.
  • Follow Oracle CPU October 2025 guidance for applicable updates or mitigations.
  • Check Debian LTS and Siemens advisories where those distributions or products are used.
  • Prioritize internet-facing services that pass untrusted data into JAXP APIs.
  • Reduce untrusted Java sandbox exposure where still present.

Validation and detection

  • Confirm runtime versions: Java SE, GraalVM for JDK, and GraalVM Enterprise Edition.
  • Identify services, APIs, or products that use JAXP with untrusted input.
  • Map bundled Java runtimes inside applications, appliances, and vendor products.
  • Verify Oracle, Debian, or Siemens remediation status for each affected asset.
  • Confirm monitoring covers unusual data access from exposed Java services.
Prepared
Confidence
medium
Sources
5

Public sources used

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.

ATT&CK lookup starting points

Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.

cwe · medium confidence lookup

CWE-200: Information exposure and cloud metadata lookup

Information exposure and SSRF weaknesses can make discovery, cloud metadata, and credential material review relevant. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.

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cve · low confidence lookup

CVE-2025-53066 mapping review

Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.

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Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
High
CVSS
7.5 (3.1)
Known Exploited
No
Published

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

1CVSS vectors
3Timeline events
3ADP providers
4Source links

SSVC decision data

CISA-ADPCISA Coordinator
Timestamp
Version
2.0.3
Exploitation: noneAutomatable: noTechnical Impact: partial

CVSS vector scores

1 official score

We collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.

ScoreVersionSeverityVectorExploitImpactSource
7.5CVSS 3.1HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N3.93.6oracle

Vulnerability scoring details

Base CVSS 3.1 score

7.5High
CVSS 3.1 vector shape for CVE-2025-53066Attack VectorAttack ComplexityPrivileges RequiredUser InteractionScopeConfidentiality ImpactIntegrity ImpactAvailability Impact

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Attack Vector
NetworkAdjacentLocalPhysical
Attack Complexity
LowHigh
Privileges Required
NoneLowHigh
User Interaction
NoneRequired
Scope
ChangedUnchanged
Confidentiality Impact
HighLowNone
Integrity Impact
HighLowNone
Availability Impact
HighLowNone

Vulnerability timeline

Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.

  1. CVE reservedCVE Program

    The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.

  2. CVE publishedCVE Program

    The CVE record was published.

  3. CVE updatedCVE Program

    The CVE record metadata indicates this as the latest update time.

ADP provider summaries

CISA-ADPCISA ADP Vulnrichment
other:ssvc
CVECVE Program Container
siemens-SADPADP container

Source materials

Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
Oracle CorporationOracle Java SE8u461, 8u461-perf, 11.0.28, 17.0.16, 21.0.8, 25Listed
Oracle CorporationOracle GraalVM for JDK17.0.16, 21.0.8Listed
Oracle CorporationOracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition21.3.15Listed
Weakness

CWE details

CWE-200

CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.

CWE-200 · source CWE mapping

Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor

Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.

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