Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
This flaw lets an unauthenticated network attacker impersonate trusted activity against affected on-premises SharePoint servers, potentially exposing or altering limited information. Although its CVSS score is 6.5, CISA lists it as known exploited, increasing operational urgency beyond the medium base severity.
Executive priority
Treat remediation as urgent despite the medium CVSS score because CISA confirms known exploitation. Establish ownership immediately, identify reachable affected servers, apply Microsoft's update, and review telemetry. Escalate potentially compromised systems to incident response rather than assuming patching removes prior attacker access.
Technical view
CVE-2025-49706 is an improper-authentication weakness (CWE-287) affecting listed SharePoint Server 2016, 2019, and Subscription Edition deployments. It is remotely reachable, requires no privileges or user interaction, and has low attack complexity. The supplied CVSS vector indicates low confidentiality and integrity impact without availability impact.
Likely exposure
Prioritize internet-facing or otherwise untrusted-network-accessible on-premises SharePoint servers. The source bundle identifies SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016, Server 2019, and Subscription Edition version 16.0.0. It does not establish exposure for other products or versions; confirm exact build and update status through Microsoft guidance.
Exploitation context
CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities listing supports active exploitation of this CVE. Microsoft's July 2025 security blog also describes active exploitation involving on-premises SharePoint vulnerabilities. The supplied evidence does not describe prevalence, attacker identities, or CVE-2025-49706's independent role in any exploit chain.
Researcher notes
The CVSS 3.1 vector is AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N, with temporal metrics E:F/RL:O/RC:C. Evidence supports remote unauthenticated spoofing through improper authentication. The bundle does not provide protocol-level mechanics, indicators, exploit-chain dependencies, or sufficient detail to infer broader impact.
Mitigation direction
- Apply Microsoft's security update for the affected SharePoint product and build.
- Follow current Microsoft guidance for any additional protective or recovery measures.
- Restrict untrusted network access until remediation and validation are complete.
- Prioritize externally reachable servers and systems holding sensitive business information.
Validation and detection
- Inventory on-premises SharePoint edition, version, build, and network exposure.
- Confirm the applicable Microsoft security update is installed on every server.
- Review available SharePoint, web, identity, and endpoint telemetry for suspicious unauthenticated activity.
- Verify exposure controls prevent unnecessary access from untrusted networks.
- Use Microsoft and CISA guidance to assess whether incident response is required.
Public sources used
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context
These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.
ATT&CK lookup starting points
Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.
CWE-287: Credential and account abuse lookup
Authentication and credential weaknesses can make valid-account abuse and credential telemetry useful review starting points. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.
Open ATT&CK lookupCVE-2025-49706 mapping review
Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.
Open ATT&CK lookup- Severity
- Medium
- CVSS
- 6.5 (3.1)
- Known Exploited
- Yes
- Published
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N/E:F/RL:O/RC:C
CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5
These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.
CISA KEV status
SSVC decision data
CVSS vector scores
1 official scoreWe collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N/E:F/RL:O/RC:C3.92.5microsoftVulnerability scoring details
Base CVSS 3.1 score
6.5MediumVector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N/E:F/RL:O/RC:C
Vulnerability timeline
Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.
- CVE reservedCVE Program
The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.
- CVE publishedCVE Program
The CVE record was published.
- Added to KEVCISA-ADP
CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities metadata lists this CVE as known exploited.
- ADP timelineCISA-ADP
CVE-2025-49706 added to CISA KEV
- CVE updatedCVE Program
The CVE record metadata indicates this as the latest update time.
ADP provider summaries
- 2025-07-22T00:00:00.000Z: CVE-2025-49706 added to CISA KEV
Source materials
- CVE List V5 sourceCVE List V5
- Microsoft SharePoint Server Spoofing VulnerabilityCVE reference, microsoft · vendor-advisory, patch
- https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2025/07/22/disrupting-active-exploitation-of-on-premises-sharepoint-vulnerabilities/CVE reference, CISA-ADP · vendor-advisory
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-49706CVE reference, CISA-ADP · government-resource
Products and packages named in the record
CWE details
CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.
Improper Authentication
Improper Authentication represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.