Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
This SharePoint Server flaw can let an unauthenticated network attacker spoof identity or trust decisions. The CVSS score is medium, but CISA KEV status means real-world exploitation is confirmed. Organizations running on-premises SharePoint should treat it as urgent exposure, especially where servers are internet-accessible.
Executive priority
Prioritize remediation as a near-term operational risk, not routine patching. KEV status changes the business urgency because exploitation is known, even though the base CVSS score is medium.
Technical view
CVE-2025-49706 is an improper authentication issue in Microsoft Office SharePoint affecting SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016, SharePoint Server 2019, and SharePoint Server Subscription Edition. Microsoft rates it CVSS 6.5 with network, low-complexity, no-privilege, no-user-interaction characteristics and limited confidentiality and integrity impact.
Likely exposure
Exposure is limited to affected on-premises SharePoint Server versions listed by Microsoft. Cloud-only Microsoft 365 SharePoint exposure is not stated in the provided sources. Internet-facing, partner-facing, or broadly reachable SharePoint deployments carry the highest operational concern.
Exploitation context
Active exploitation is supported by CISA KEV status and Microsoft’s related SharePoint exploitation advisory. The provided bundle does not include exploit mechanics, indicators, or victim scope for this specific CVE, so defenders should avoid assuming details beyond vendor and CISA guidance.
Researcher notes
Focus validation on version exposure, patch state, network reachability, and authentication-related telemetry. The source bundle identifies CWE-287 and spoofing impact but does not provide safe evidence for exploit reproduction, indicators, or detailed root-cause analysis.
Mitigation direction
- Apply the Microsoft security update for CVE-2025-49706.
- Prioritize internet-facing and business-critical SharePoint farms first.
- Review Microsoft’s SharePoint exploitation guidance for current defensive actions.
- Check CISA KEV guidance and internal remediation deadlines.
- Restrict network reachability to SharePoint where business use allows.
Validation and detection
- Inventory all on-premises SharePoint Server instances and versions.
- Confirm each affected server has the relevant Microsoft update installed.
- Verify whether SharePoint is reachable from the internet or untrusted networks.
- Review SharePoint and IIS logs for suspicious authentication or spoofing anomalies.
- Track remediation evidence against the MSRC advisory and CISA KEV entry.
Public sources used
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context
These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.
ATT&CK lookup starting points
Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.
CWE-287: Credential and account abuse lookup
Authentication and credential weaknesses can make valid-account abuse and credential telemetry useful review starting points. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.
Open ATT&CK lookupCVE-2025-49706 mapping review
Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.
Open ATT&CK lookup- Severity
- Medium
- CVSS
- 6.5 (3.1)
- Known Exploited
- Yes
- Published
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N/E:F/RL:O/RC:C
CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5
These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.
CISA KEV status
CVSS vector scores
1 official scoreWe collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N/E:F/RL:O/RC:C3.92.5Primary CVE scoreVulnerability scoring details
Base CVSS 3.1 score
6.5MediumVector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N/E:F/RL:O/RC:C
Source materials
- CVE List V5 sourceCVE List V5
- Microsoft SharePoint Server Spoofing VulnerabilityCVE reference · vendor-advisory, patch
- https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2025/07/22/disrupting-active-exploitation-of-on-premises-sharepoint-vulnerabilities/CVE reference · vendor-advisory
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-49706CVE reference · government-resource
Products and packages named in the record
CWE details
CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.
Improper Authentication
Improper Authentication represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.