Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
Linux systems using the USB gadget RNDIS function can retain an invalid request after an unbind. If a later bind fails, kernel cleanup may dereference invalid state and crash. Exposure depends on RNDIS gadget functionality being present and a local user being able to trigger the required lifecycle.
Executive priority
Prioritize remediation for exposed appliances, embedded systems, and development platforms using USB gadget RNDIS, especially where local access is shared or untrusted. Systems without this functionality are lower priority. No supplied evidence supports emergency treatment for active exploitation.
Technical view
After a bind/unbind cycle, rndis->notify_req remains stale. When a subsequent bind fails, the shared error path tries to free that request and dereferences a NULL endpoint through ep->ops->free_request. The referenced correction refactors bind-path cleanup to use the kernel's __free() mechanism.
Likely exposure
Likely exposure is concentrated in Linux devices using USB gadget RNDIS. The supplied version data is ambiguous, including duplicate hashes and a "0" entry, so version strings alone should not determine vulnerability. Confirm distribution or vendor backports against the referenced stable-kernel commits.
Exploitation context
The bundle marks KEV false and provides no evidence of active exploitation or public exploit availability. The CVSS vector describes local, low-complexity, low-privilege access without user interaction. The technical description establishes a NULL-pointer crash condition, but does not demonstrate confidentiality or integrity impact.
Researcher notes
The failure requires a bind/unbind cycle followed by a failing bind path. No CWE is supplied. The CVSS claims high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact, while the description directly supports only a kernel NULL-pointer crash. Affected-version boundaries require confirmation from vendor advisories or commit ancestry.
Mitigation direction
- Inventory systems using the Linux USB gadget RNDIS function and record kernel and vendor package versions.
- Apply vendor kernel updates incorporating the applicable referenced stable-kernel correction.
- If updates are unavailable, consult vendor guidance and disable unneeded RNDIS gadget functionality.
- Prioritize systems where untrusted local users can influence USB gadget configuration.
Validation and detection
- Confirm whether f_rndis is built, loaded, or configured on each Linux system.
- Compare deployed kernels and package changelogs with the five referenced stable-kernel commits.
- Review kernel logs for NULL-pointer dereferences associated with RNDIS bind or unbind activity.
- Verify updated systems contain the vendor backport; version strings alone may be insufficient.
Public sources used
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context
These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.
ATT&CK lookup starting points
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CVE-2025-40095 mapping review
Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.
Open ATT&CK lookup- Severity
- High
- CVSS
- 7.8 (3.1)
- Known Exploited
- No
- Published
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5
These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.
CVSS vector scores
1 official scoreWe collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H1.85.9LinuxVulnerability scoring details
Base CVSS 3.1 score
7.8HighVector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Vulnerability timeline
Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.
- CVE reservedCVE Program
The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.
- CVE publishedCVE Program
The CVE record was published.
- CVE updatedCVE Program
The CVE record metadata indicates this as the latest update time.
Source materials
- CVE List V5 sourceCVE List V5
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef81226bb1f8b6e761cd0b53d2696e9c1bc955d1CVE reference, Linux
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5f65c8ad8c7292ed7e3716343fcd590a51818cc3CVE reference, Linux
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/380353c3a92be7d928e6f973bd065c5b79755ac3CVE reference, Linux
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a8366263b7e5b663d7fb489d3a9ba1e2600049a6CVE reference, Linux
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/08228941436047bdcd35a612c1aec0912a29d8cdCVE reference, Linux
Products and packages named in the record
CWE details
CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.