Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
A nearby attacker on the same local network may be able to crash an application on affected Apple devices. The reported impact is service disruption, not data theft or modification. Successful exploitation requires user interaction according to the supplied CVSS assessment. Apple corrected the issue across supported operating systems.
Executive priority
Treat this as a moderate patching priority. Include the fixed releases in the normal accelerated update cycle, prioritizing business-critical devices and those frequently using shared networks. Escalate urgency where repeated application termination could disrupt essential operations, but the supplied evidence does not indicate data compromise or active exploitation.
Technical view
CVE-2025-31197 is classified as CWE-416, use-after-free, with CVSS 3.1 score 5.7. The vector indicates adjacent-network access, low complexity, no privileges, user interaction, unchanged scope, and high availability impact without confidentiality or integrity impact. Apple states that improved checks address the issue but provides no further mechanism details.
Likely exposure
Potentially exposed assets are Apple devices running releases older than the listed fixed versions, particularly when connected to shared or untrusted local networks. The source bundle does not provide reliable affected-version ranges, so exposure should be determined from installed operating-system versions and Apple’s advisories.
Exploitation context
The supplied record is not in CISA KEV and provides no evidence of active exploitation or a public exploit. Attack proximity is limited to the local network, and the CVSS vector requires user interaction. The exact application, network protocol, and triggering conditions are not disclosed in the bundle.
Researcher notes
The public description is sparse. CWE-416 suggests a memory-lifetime error, but the affected component and trigger are not identified. The CVSS vector supports adjacent access and user interaction; Apple only states that improved checks fixed the issue. Avoid inferring remote internet reachability, code execution, or broader security impact from the available evidence.
Mitigation direction
- Update iPhone and supported iPad devices to iOS or iPadOS 18.4 or later.
- Update applicable iPads on the older branch to iPadOS 17.7.6 or later.
- Update macOS to Sequoia 15.4, Sonoma 14.7.5, or Ventura 13.7.5, as applicable.
- Update Apple TV to tvOS 18.4 and Apple Vision Pro to visionOS 2.4 or later.
- Until updated, reduce device exposure to untrusted or shared local networks where operationally practical.
Validation and detection
- Inventory Apple devices and record their exact operating-system versions.
- Compare each device against the fixed release for its operating-system branch.
- Confirm updates completed successfully through endpoint-management or local system records.
- Review application crash telemetry for unusual patterns associated with shared local-network use.
- Consult the applicable Apple advisory when branch eligibility or support status is unclear.
Public sources used
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context
These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.
ATT&CK lookup starting points
Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.
CWE-416: Exact CWE lookup
Use the exact CWE identifier as the starting point before reviewing related ATT&CK behavior. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.
Open ATT&CK lookupCVE-2025-31197 mapping review
Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.
Open ATT&CK lookup- Severity
- Medium
- CVSS
- 5.7 (3.1)
- Known Exploited
- No
- Published
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5
These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.
SSVC decision data
CVSS vector scores
1 official scoreWe collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H2.13.6CISA-ADPVulnerability scoring details
Base CVSS 3.1 score
5.7MediumVector: CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Vulnerability timeline
Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.
- CVE reservedCVE Program
The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.
- CVE publishedCVE Program
The CVE record was published.
- CVE updatedCVE Program
The CVE record metadata indicates this as the latest update time.
ADP provider summaries
Source materials
- CVE List V5 sourceCVE List V5
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122371CVE reference, apple
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122372CVE reference, apple
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122373CVE reference, apple
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122374CVE reference, apple
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122375CVE reference, apple
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122377CVE reference, apple
- https://support.apple.com/en-us/122378CVE reference, apple
Products and packages named in the record
CWE details
CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.
Use After Free
Use After Free represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.