Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
Grandstream UCM6510 firmware v1.0.20.52 and earlier reportedly does not sufficiently limit repeated login attempts. A remote attacker could keep trying passwords until one works, potentially gaining access to a targeted account. This is a medium-severity exposure because it requires guessing credentials, but the attack is network-accessible and unauthenticated.
Executive priority
Treat this as a timely hardening and exposure-reduction issue, not an emergency unless affected systems are internet-facing or protect sensitive voice services. Prioritize inventory, access restriction, password hygiene, and vendor guidance review.
Technical view
CVE-2025-28172 is classified as CWE-307, Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts. The CVSS 3.1 vector is AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N, score 6.5. The source description identifies Grandstream Networks UCM6510 v1.0.20.52 and before as vulnerable to brute-force authentication attempts.
Likely exposure
Organizations using Grandstream UCM6510 systems at firmware v1.0.20.52 or earlier are the stated exposure group. Risk is higher if administrative or user login interfaces are reachable from untrusted networks.
Exploitation context
The CVE source describes brute-force password attempts but does not cite public active exploitation. The record is not listed as CISA KEV in the supplied bundle. No exploit reliability, patch status, or vendor advisory details were provided.
Researcher notes
The supplied structured affected-product fields are marked n/a, while the title and description identify Grandstream UCM6510 v1.0.20.52 and before. Confidence is limited by missing vendor advisory, patch confirmation, and independent exploitation evidence.
Mitigation direction
- Identify any Grandstream UCM6510 systems and record firmware versions.
- Check Grandstream guidance for fixed firmware or official mitigations.
- Restrict login interfaces to trusted networks or VPN access where possible.
- Use strong, unique passwords for all exposed accounts.
- Monitor authentication logs for repeated failed login patterns.
Validation and detection
- Confirm whether deployed UCM6510 firmware is v1.0.20.52 or earlier.
- Review whether management or user login pages are internet-accessible.
- Check logs for high-volume failed authentication attempts against single accounts.
- Verify whether vendor-recommended updates or mitigations have been applied.
Public sources used
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context
These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.
ATT&CK lookup starting points
Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.
CWE-307: Exact CWE lookup
Use the exact CWE identifier as the starting point before reviewing related ATT&CK behavior. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.
Open ATT&CK lookupCVE-2025-28172 mapping review
Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.
Open ATT&CK lookup- Severity
- Medium
- CVSS
- 6.5 (3.1)
- Known Exploited
- No
- Published
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5
These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.
SSVC decision data
CVSS vector scores
1 official scoreWe collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N3.92.5CISA-ADPVulnerability scoring details
Base CVSS 3.1 score
6.5MediumVector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
Vulnerability timeline
Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.
- CVE reservedCVE Program
The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.
- CVE publishedCVE Program
The CVE record was published.
- CVE updatedCVE Program
The CVE record metadata indicates this as the latest update time.
ADP provider summaries
Source materials
- CVE List V5 sourceCVE List V5
- https://gist.github.com/Exek1el/6291185a87c98d4229181212b2bd5cdfCVE reference, mitre
Products and packages named in the record
CWE details
CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.
Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.