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CVE Record

CVE-2025-23157: media: venus: hfi_parser: add check to avoid out of bound access

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: venus: hfi_parser: add check to avoid out of bound access There is a possibility that init_codecs is invoked multiple times during manipulated payload from video firmware. In such case, if codecs_count can get incremented to value more than MAX_CODEC_NUM, there can be OOB access. Reset the count so that it always starts from beginning.

HighCVSS 7.8Not KEV-listedUpdated
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Glexia's TakeAutomated analysishigh

Security readout for executives and security teams

Plain-English summary

A flaw in the Linux Venus video subsystem can access memory outside an intended array when manipulated video-firmware data repeatedly initializes codec information. Successful exploitation could compromise confidentiality, integrity, or availability. The supplied CVSS score is 7.8, but exploitation requires local, low-privileged access and no user interaction.

Executive priority

Treat this as an expedited endpoint or device patching issue where the Venus driver is used, especially on multi-user or less-trusted systems. It is high severity but not supported as an internet-wide emergency: the supplied evidence indicates a local attack path and no known active exploitation.

Technical view

Repeated calls to init_codecs can increment codecs_count beyond MAX_CODEC_NUM, causing out-of-bounds access in the Venus HFI parser. The kernel fix resets the count before codec parsing begins. The supplied CVSS 3.1 vector is AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. No CWE is assigned in the bundle.

Likely exposure

Exposure is most likely on Linux systems using the affected Venus media-driver path. The supplied version data spans kernel lines from 4.19 through 6.15, but includes ambiguous entries and should not alone determine exposure. Confirm the running distribution kernel, driver availability, hardware use, and vendor backport status.

Exploitation context

The CVSS vector describes local exploitation requiring low privileges, low complexity, and no user interaction. The trigger involves manipulated data from video firmware. The bundle reports KEV as false and provides no evidence of active exploitation, public exploit availability, remote reachability, or demonstrated attack reliability.

Researcher notes

The central invariant is that codecs_count must restart before repeated codec initialization, preventing it from exceeding MAX_CODEC_NUM. Assess reachable call paths and consequences without assuming every listed Linux installation uses Venus. The source bundle's affected-version representation contains duplicate commits and an unexplained "0", so branch-specific vendor confirmation is essential.

Mitigation direction

  • Install the distribution or device-vendor kernel update containing the referenced Venus parser fix.
  • Compare vendor backport status with the applicable Linux stable commit for your kernel branch.
  • Prioritize systems where the Venus media driver is present and actively used.
  • If updates are unavailable, consult vendor guidance for supported temporary mitigations.

Validation and detection

  • Record the running kernel package, release, architecture, and device-vendor build identifier.
  • Determine whether the Venus media driver is built, loadable, loaded, or used by deployed hardware.
  • Verify the installed kernel includes the codecs_count reset from the referenced stable fix.
  • Review distribution security advisories and package changelogs for CVE-2025-23157 backport confirmation.
  • After updating, confirm the expected kernel is running and retest relevant video functions.
Prepared
Confidence
high
Sources
5

Public sources used

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.

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CVE-2025-23157 mapping review

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Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
High
CVSS
7.8 (3.1)
Known Exploited
No
Published

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

1CVSS vectors
3Timeline events
1ADP providers
12Source links

CVSS vector scores

1 official score

We collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.

ScoreVersionSeverityVectorExploitImpactSource
7.8CVSS 3.1HighCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H1.85.9Linux

Vulnerability scoring details

Base CVSS 3.1 score

7.8High
CVSS 3.1 vector shape for CVE-2025-23157Attack VectorAttack ComplexityPrivileges RequiredUser InteractionScopeConfidentiality ImpactIntegrity ImpactAvailability Impact

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector
NetworkAdjacentLocalPhysical
Attack Complexity
LowHigh
Privileges Required
NoneLowHigh
User Interaction
NoneRequired
Scope
ChangedUnchanged
Confidentiality Impact
HighLowNone
Integrity Impact
HighLowNone
Availability Impact
HighLowNone

Vulnerability timeline

Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.

  1. CVE reservedCVE Program

    The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.

  2. CVE publishedCVE Program

    The CVE record was published.

  3. CVE updatedCVE Program

    The CVE record metadata indicates this as the latest update time.

ADP provider summaries

CVECVE Program Container

Source materials

Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
LinuxLinux1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda, 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda, 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda, 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda, 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda, 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda, 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda, 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda, 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001ddaunaffected
LinuxLinux4.19, 0, 5.4.293, 5.10.237, 5.15.181, 6.1.135, 6.6.88, 6.12.24, 6.13.12, 6.14.3, 6.15affected
Weakness

CWE details

No CWE listed

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