CVE-2025-21821: fbdev: omap: use threaded IRQ for LCD DMA
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
fbdev: omap: use threaded IRQ for LCD DMA
When using touchscreen and framebuffer, Nokia 770 crashes easily with:
BUG: scheduling while atomic: irq/144-ads7846/82/0x00010000
Modules linked in: usb_f_ecm g_ether usb_f_rndis u_ether libcomposite configfs omap_udc ohci_omap ohci_hcd
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 82 Comm: irq/144-ads7846 Not tainted 6.12.7-770 #2
Hardware name: Nokia 770
Call trace:
unwind_backtrace from show_stack+0x10/0x14
show_stack from dump_stack_lvl+0x54/0x5c
dump_stack_lvl from __schedule_bug+0x50/0x70
__schedule_bug from __schedule+0x4d4/0x5bc
__schedule from schedule+0x34/0xa0
schedule from schedule_preempt_disabled+0xc/0x10
schedule_preempt_disabled from __mutex_lock.constprop.0+0x218/0x3b4
__mutex_lock.constprop.0 from clk_prepare_lock+0x38/0xe4
clk_prepare_lock from clk_set_rate+0x18/0x154
clk_set_rate from sossi_read_data+0x4c/0x168
sossi_read_data from hwa742_read_reg+0x5c/0x8c
hwa742_read_reg from send_frame_handler+0xfc/0x300
send_frame_handler from process_pending_requests+0x74/0xd0
process_pending_requests from lcd_dma_irq_handler+0x50/0x74
lcd_dma_irq_handler from __handle_irq_event_percpu+0x44/0x130
__handle_irq_event_percpu from handle_irq_event+0x28/0x68
handle_irq_event from handle_level_irq+0x9c/0x170
handle_level_irq from generic_handle_domain_irq+0x2c/0x3c
generic_handle_domain_irq from omap1_handle_irq+0x40/0x8c
omap1_handle_irq from generic_handle_arch_irq+0x28/0x3c
generic_handle_arch_irq from call_with_stack+0x1c/0x24
call_with_stack from __irq_svc+0x94/0xa8
Exception stack(0xc5255da0 to 0xc5255de8)
5da0: 00000001 c22fc620 00000000 00000000 c08384a8 c106fc00 00000000 c240c248
5dc0: c113a600 c3f6ec30 00000001 00000000 c22fc620 c5255df0 c22fc620 c0279a94
5de0: 60000013 ffffffff
__irq_svc from clk_prepare_lock+0x4c/0xe4
clk_prepare_lock from clk_get_rate+0x10/0x74
clk_get_rate from uwire_setup_transfer+0x40/0x180
uwire_setup_transfer from spi_bitbang_transfer_one+0x2c/0x9c
spi_bitbang_transfer_one from spi_transfer_one_message+0x2d0/0x664
spi_transfer_one_message from __spi_pump_transfer_message+0x29c/0x498
__spi_pump_transfer_message from __spi_sync+0x1f8/0x2e8
__spi_sync from spi_sync+0x24/0x40
spi_sync from ads7846_halfd_read_state+0x5c/0x1c0
ads7846_halfd_read_state from ads7846_irq+0x58/0x348
ads7846_irq from irq_thread_fn+0x1c/0x78
irq_thread_fn from irq_thread+0x120/0x228
irq_thread from kthread+0xc8/0xe8
kthread from ret_from_fork+0x14/0x28
As a quick fix, switch to a threaded IRQ which provides a stable system.
Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
This is a Linux kernel stability flaw in the OMAP framebuffer LCD DMA path. On affected hardware, using touchscreen and framebuffer together can crash the system. The public record does not show code execution, data theft, or active exploitation, but reliability impact may matter for embedded or operational devices.
Executive priority
Treat as low general enterprise priority, but moderate for owners of affected embedded Linux hardware where device crashes disrupt service, safety workflows, or field operations.
Technical view
The kernel report shows an interrupt handler reaching clock operations that can sleep, causing a scheduling-while-atomic BUG. The resolved change moves OMAP LCD DMA interrupt handling to a threaded IRQ. Evidence points to the fbdev OMAP path, with the Nokia 770 cited as the observed crashing platform.
Likely exposure
Likely limited to Linux systems using the OMAP framebuffer LCD DMA driver, especially embedded ARM devices with touchscreen plus framebuffer. Typical servers, desktops, and cloud workloads are unlikely to expose this path unless they use the affected OMAP display stack.
Exploitation context
No KEV listing is provided, and the source bundle does not cite active exploitation. The described trigger is local hardware and driver interaction causing a crash. Public evidence supports denial of service or instability, not remote compromise.
Researcher notes
The evidence is narrow and hardware-specific. The bundle has no CVSS, CWE, exploit report, or detailed version mapping beyond Linux affected entries and stable commits. Avoid broad claims about all Linux systems; focus validation on OMAP fbdev LCD DMA deployments.
Mitigation direction
Update to a vendor kernel containing the OMAP fbdev LCD DMA threaded IRQ fix.
Apply the relevant kernel.org stable commit for the deployed kernel branch.
Use Debian LTS kernel updates where applicable to Debian systems.
Prioritize embedded devices using OMAP framebuffer, LCD DMA, and touchscreen input.
If no package exists, track vendor guidance and plan a kernel maintenance update.
Validation and detection
Inventory devices for OMAP fbdev framebuffer and LCD DMA usage.
Check deployed kernel versions against vendor advisories and stable branch fixes.
Review crash logs for scheduling-while-atomic BUG traces in OMAP LCD DMA paths.
Confirm updated kernels include the threaded IRQ change for this driver.
Regression-test touchscreen and framebuffer operation on affected hardware after updating.
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Potential ATT&CK relevance
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CVE-2025-21821 mapping review
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0CVSS vectors
3Timeline events
1ADP providers
7Source links
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CVE reservedCVE Program
The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.
CVE publishedCVE Program
The CVE record was published.
Feb 27, 2025, 20:06 UTC (UTC+00:00)
CVE updatedCVE Program
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