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CVE Record

CVE-2025-15627: Hardcoded Cryptographic Keys in TP-Link Omada Adoption Protocol Authentication

A cryptographic weakness exists in the Omada adoption protocol.  The protocol relies on hard-coded cryptographic keys to establish trust and protect authentication exchanges between controllers and managed devices during device adoption. An attacker may be able to impersonate trusted controllers or managed devices and gain access to sensitive adoption-related communications.

MediumCVSS 6.9Not KEV-listedUpdated
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Glexia's TakeAutomated analysismoderate

Security readout for executives and security teams

Plain-English summary

TP-Link Omada device adoption uses hardcoded cryptographic keys, weakening trust between controllers and managed devices. A nearby attacker could potentially impersonate either side and access sensitive adoption communications. The supplied record rates this medium severity, but organizations using Omada should review exposure because compromise could undermine secure onboarding of network infrastructure.

Executive priority

Treat this as a planned, near-term remediation for environments using Omada adoption. Prioritize sites where untrusted users can reach management networks or where devices are frequently onboarded. Escalate if inventory cannot establish versions or network segmentation does not constrain adjacent access.

Technical view

CVE-2025-15627 is a CWE-321 weakness in Omada adoption authentication. The CVSS 4.0 score is 6.9, with adjacent-network access, low complexity, a required attack condition, and passive user interaction. Successful exploitation may cause high confidentiality impact to the vulnerable and subsequent systems; the supplied vector does not claim integrity or availability impact.

Likely exposure

Potential exposure is limited to organizations using Omada gateways, switches, access points, or controllers during device adoption. The supplied bundle does not establish exact affected versions and presents ambiguous version data, so product inventory must be compared with TP-Link guidance. Adjacent-network access and required conditions reduce broad internet-scale exposure.

Exploitation context

The supplied sources support possible impersonation and disclosure of adoption-related communications. CVE-2025-15627 is not listed as KEV in the bundle, and no cited source establishes active exploitation or public weaponization. Exploitation requires adjacent network access, a present attack condition, and passive user interaction according to the CVSS vector.

Researcher notes

The record identifies hardcoded keys but does not disclose algorithms, key material, protocol messages, precise affected releases, or confirmed exploit availability. The normalized affected-version entries are insufficient to determine exposure reliably. Researchers and vulnerability managers should defer version conclusions to TP-Link FAQ 5216 and official download metadata.

Mitigation direction

  • Review TP-Link FAQ 5216 and regional Omada download pages for applicable corrected releases.
  • Update affected controllers and managed devices according to TP-Link's documented compatibility and upgrade guidance.
  • Restrict device-adoption traffic to trusted, isolated management networks as a compensating control.
  • Limit adoption privileges and physical or wireless access to management network segments.

Validation and detection

  • Inventory Omada controller, gateway, switch, and access-point models and versions.
  • Compare every deployed version against TP-Link FAQ 5216 and applicable download listings.
  • Confirm controllers and devices run the vendor-recommended releases after maintenance.
  • Review adoption records for unexpected controllers, devices, or unauthorized onboarding activity.
  • Verify adoption traffic is inaccessible from untrusted or general-user network segments.
Prepared
Confidence
medium
Sources
5

Public sources used

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.

ATT&CK lookup starting points

Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.

cwe · low confidence lookup

CWE-321: Exact CWE lookup

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cve · low confidence lookup

CVE-2025-15627 mapping review

Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.

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Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
Medium
CVSS
6.9 (4.0)
Known Exploited
No
Published

Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N

Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

1CVSS vectors
3Timeline events
1ADP providers
4Source links

SSVC decision data

CISA-ADPCISA Coordinator
Timestamp
Version
2.0.3
Exploitation: noneAutomatable: noTechnical Impact: partial

CVSS vector scores

1 official score

We collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.

ScoreVersionSeverityVectorExploitImpactSource
6.9CVSS 4.0MediumCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N——TPLink

Vulnerability scoring details

Base CVSS 4.0 score

6.9Medium
CVSS 4.0 vector shape for CVE-2025-15627Attack VectorAttack ComplexityAttack RequirementsPrivileges RequiredUser InteractionVS ConfidentialityVS IntegrityVS AvailabilitySS ConfidentialitySS IntegritySS Availability

Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N

Attack Vector
NetworkAdjacentLocalPhysical
Attack Complexity
LowHigh
Attack Requirements
NonePresent
Privileges Required
NoneLowHigh
User Interaction
NonePassiveActive
VS Confidentiality
HighLowNone
VS Integrity
HighLowNone
VS Availability
HighLowNone
SS Confidentiality
HighLowNone
SS Integrity
HighLowNone
SS Availability
HighLowNone

Vulnerability timeline

Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.

  1. CVE reservedCVE Program

    The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.

  2. CVE publishedCVE Program

    The CVE record was published.

  3. CVE updatedCVE Program

    The CVE record metadata indicates this as the latest update time.

ADP provider summaries

CISA-ADPCISA ADP Vulnrichment
other:ssvc

Source materials

Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
TP-Link Systems Inc.Omada Gateways0unaffected
TP-Link Systems Inc.Omada Switches0unaffected
TP Link Systems Inc.Omada Access Points0unaffected
TP-Link Systems IncOmada Controllers0unaffected
Weakness

CWE details

CWE-321

CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.

CWE-321 · source CWE mapping

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key

Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.

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