Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
A remote attacker may extract sensitive Firebox configuration information without logging in by abusing an exposed authentication or management webpage. Risk is limited to Firebox systems with at least one authentication hotspot configured. The disclosed impact is confidentiality loss, not configuration modification or service disruption.
Executive priority
Treat as a high-priority confidentiality issue for internet-exposed or broadly reachable Fireboxes using authentication hotspots. Promptly identify matching configurations, restrict interface exposure, and follow WatchGuard's remediation guidance. Systems without an authentication hotspot are described as unaffected by this vulnerability.
Technical view
CVE-2025-1545 is a CWE-91 XPath injection in WatchGuard Fireware OS web CGI processing. Network-accessible, unauthenticated requests can disclose configuration data when a required hotspot configuration and exposed authentication or management interface are present. CVSS 4.0 is 8.2, with high vulnerable-system confidentiality impact.
Likely exposure
Prioritize Firebox appliances with at least one authentication hotspot configured and an authentication or management web interface reachable by untrusted networks. The bundle references Fireware OS branches 2025.1, 12.0, and 11.11, but does not provide sufficiently clear affected build ranges or fixed releases; confirm exact exposure against WatchGuard's advisory.
Exploitation context
The source bundle does not establish active exploitation, and the CVE is not identified as CISA KEV. Exploitation is described as remote, unauthenticated, and low complexity, but requires a particular configuration: an authentication hotspot and an exposed authentication or management web interface.
Researcher notes
The key precondition is configuration-dependent exposure, reflected by CVSS attack requirements present. The disclosed result is sensitive configuration retrieval through XPath injection in web CGI processing. The supplied affected-version data is ambiguous and names branches without dependable build boundaries; use the vendor advisory as authoritative. No exploit activity, indicators, or specific compromised fields are supplied.
Mitigation direction
- Consult WatchGuard's advisory for exact affected builds, fixed releases, and vendor-approved mitigations.
- Apply the vendor-recommended Fireware OS update after standard change testing.
- Restrict authentication and management interfaces to trusted networks where operationally feasible.
- Disable unnecessary authentication hotspots if WatchGuard guidance supports doing so.
Validation and detection
- Inventory Firebox appliances and record their exact Fireware OS builds.
- Confirm whether each appliance has at least one authentication hotspot configured.
- Determine whether authentication or management web interfaces are reachable from untrusted networks.
- Compare identified builds with WatchGuard's current advisory before declaring systems affected or remediated.
- After remediation, verify hotspot functionality and confirm interface exposure remains appropriately restricted.
Public sources used
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context
These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.
ATT&CK lookup starting points
Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.
CWE-91: Exact CWE lookup
Use the exact CWE identifier as the starting point before reviewing related ATT&CK behavior. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.
Open ATT&CK lookupCVE-2025-1545 mapping review
Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.
Open ATT&CK lookup- Severity
- High
- CVSS
- 8.2 (4.0)
- Known Exploited
- No
- Published
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5
These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.
SSVC decision data
CVSS vector scores
1 official scoreWe collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N——WatchGuardVulnerability scoring details
Base CVSS 4.0 score
8.2HighVector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Vulnerability timeline
Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.
- CVE reservedCVE Program
The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.
- CVE publishedCVE Program
The CVE record was published.
- CVE updatedCVE Program
The CVE record metadata indicates this as the latest update time.
ADP provider summaries
Source materials
- CVE List V5 sourceCVE List V5
- https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2025-1545CVE reference, WatchGuard · vendor-advisory
- https://www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory/wgsa-2025-00025CVE reference, WatchGuard · vendor-advisory
Products and packages named in the record
CWE details
CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.
XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection)
XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection) represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.