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CVE Record

CVE-2025-14523: Libsoup: libsoup: duplicate host header handling causes host-parsing discrepancy (first- vs last-value wins)

A flaw in libsoup’s HTTP header handling allows multiple Host: headers in a request and returns the last occurrence for server-side processing. Common front proxies often honor the first Host: header, so this mismatch can cause vhost confusion where a proxy routes a request to one backend but the backend interprets it as destined for another host. This discrepancy enables request-smuggling style attacks, cache poisoning, or bypassing host-based access controls when an attacker supplies duplicate Host headers.

HighCVSS 8.2Not KEV-listedUpdated
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Glexia's TakeAutomated analysishigh

Security readout for executives and security teams

Plain-English summary

This is a trust-boundary parsing bug in libsoup. If a proxy and backend read duplicate Host headers differently, a request can be routed as one site but processed as another. That can enable cache poisoning or bypass host-based controls. The provided sources do not show active exploitation.

Executive priority

Treat this as a high-priority patching and exposure review item for internet-facing Red Hat workloads. Business urgency is highest where routing, caching, tenant separation, or access control depends on Host headers across proxy and backend layers.

Technical view

libsoup accepts multiple Host headers and uses the last value server-side. Some front proxies commonly use the first value, creating CWE-444 HTTP interpretation inconsistency. Affected Red Hat packages include libsoup, libsoup3, and spice-client-win across listed RHEL 7 ELS, RHEL 8 streams, and RHEL 10/EUS variants.

Likely exposure

Exposure is most likely where affected Red Hat systems run HTTP components using libsoup behind reverse proxies, caches, or host-based access controls. Single-layer deployments without proxy/backend host interpretation differences may have lower practical risk.

Exploitation context

No KEV listing is indicated, and the provided sources do not claim exploitation in the wild. The plausible attack context is remote, unauthenticated traffic reaching a proxied HTTP service where duplicate Host header handling differs between layers.

Researcher notes

The key issue is parser disagreement: first Host value at common front proxies versus last Host value in libsoup server-side processing. Source evidence identifies affected Red Hat packages and advisory references, but does not provide exploit prevalence or detailed fixed-version evidence in this bundle.

Mitigation direction

  • Review the referenced Red Hat advisories for fixed packages and update affected systems.
  • Prioritize externally reachable services behind proxies, caches, or virtual-host routing.
  • Check vendor guidance for non-Red Hat builds or embedded libsoup usage.
  • Where supported, enforce rejection of malformed requests with duplicate Host headers.
  • Review host-based access controls that depend on proxy/backend agreement.

Validation and detection

  • Inventory systems for affected Red Hat products and package names listed in the CVE bundle.
  • Confirm installed package versions against the relevant Red Hat advisory.
  • Map services using libsoup that are exposed through reverse proxies or caches.
  • Review proxy and application logs for malformed Host header rejection or anomalies.
  • Verify operational controls do not rely solely on backend Host parsing.
Prepared
Confidence
medium
Sources
12

Public sources used

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.

ATT&CK lookup starting points

Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.

cwe · low confidence lookup

CWE-444: Exact CWE lookup

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cve · low confidence lookup

CVE-2025-14523 mapping review

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Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
High
CVSS
8.2 (3.1)
Known Exploited
No
Published

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

1CVSS vectors
5Timeline events
1ADP providers
22Source links

SSVC decision data

CISA-ADPCISA Coordinator
Timestamp
Version
2.0.3
Exploitation: noneAutomatable: yesTechnical Impact: partial

CVSS vector scores

1 official score

We collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.

ScoreVersionSeverityVectorExploitImpactSource
8.2CVSS 3.1HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N3.94.2redhat

Vulnerability scoring details

Base CVSS 3.1 score

8.2High
CVSS 3.1 vector shape for CVE-2025-14523Attack VectorAttack ComplexityPrivileges RequiredUser InteractionScopeConfidentiality ImpactIntegrity ImpactAvailability Impact

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

Attack Vector
NetworkAdjacentLocalPhysical
Attack Complexity
LowHigh
Privileges Required
NoneLowHigh
User Interaction
NoneRequired
Scope
ChangedUnchanged
Confidentiality Impact
HighLowNone
Integrity Impact
HighLowNone
Availability Impact
HighLowNone

Vulnerability timeline

Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.

  1. Source timelineredhat

    Made public.

  2. Source timelineredhat

    Reported to Red Hat.

  3. CVE reservedCVE Program

    The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.

  4. CVE publishedCVE Program

    The CVE record was published.

  5. CVE updatedCVE Program

    The CVE record metadata indicates this as the latest update time.

ADP provider summaries

CISA-ADPCISA ADP Vulnrichment
other:ssvc

Source materials

Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 10libsoup3, 0:3.6.5-3.el10_1.8affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Supportlibsoup3, 0:3.6.5-3.el10_0.11affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Supportlibsoup, 0:2.62.2-10.el7_9affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8libsoup, 0:2.62.3-11.el8_10affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8spice-client-win, 0:8.10-6.el8_10.1affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8libsoup, 0:2.62.3-11.el8_10affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Supportlibsoup, 0:2.62.3-1.el8_2.7affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Supportspice-client-win, 0:8.10-6.el8_2.1affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Supportlibsoup, 0:2.62.3-2.el8_4.7affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Supportspice-client-win, 0:8.10-6.el8_4.1affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-Onlibsoup, 0:2.62.3-2.el8_4.7affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-Onspice-client-win, 0:8.10-6.el8_4.1affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Supportlibsoup, 0:2.62.3-2.el8_6.7affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Supportspice-client-win, 0:8.10-6.el8_6.1affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Telecommunications Update Servicelibsoup, 0:2.62.3-2.el8_6.7affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Telecommunications Update Servicespice-client-win, 0:8.10-6.el8_6.1affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP Solutionslibsoup, 0:2.62.3-2.el8_6.7affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP Solutionsspice-client-win, 0:8.10-6.el8_6.1affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Servicelibsoup, 0:2.62.3-3.el8_8.7affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Servicespice-client-win, 0:8.10-6.el8_8.1affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutionslibsoup, 0:2.62.3-3.el8_8.7affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutionsspice-client-win, 0:8.10-6.el8_8.1affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9libsoup, 0:2.72.0-12.el9_7.3affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Update Services for SAP Solutionslibsoup, 0:2.72.0-8.el9_0.8affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutionslibsoup, 0:2.72.0-8.el9_2.8affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Supportlibsoup, 0:2.72.0-8.el9_4.8affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Supportlibsoup, 0:2.72.0-10.el9_6.5affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 6libsoupunknown
Weakness

CWE details

CWE-444

CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.

CWE-444 · source CWE mapping

Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')

Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.

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