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CVE Record

CVE-2024-43900: media: xc2028: avoid use-after-free in load_firmware_cb()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: xc2028: avoid use-after-free in load_firmware_cb() syzkaller reported use-after-free in load_firmware_cb() [1]. The reason is because the module allocated a struct tuner in tuner_probe(), and then the module initialization failed, the struct tuner was released. A worker which created during module initialization accesses this struct tuner later, it caused use-after-free. The process is as follows: task-6504 worker_thread tuner_probe <= alloc dvb_frontend [2] ... request_firmware_nowait <= create a worker ... tuner_remove <= free dvb_frontend ... request_firmware_work_func <= the firmware is ready load_firmware_cb <= but now the dvb_frontend has been freed To fix the issue, check the dvd_frontend in load_firmware_cb(), if it is null, report a warning and just return. [1]: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in load_firmware_cb+0x1310/0x17a0 Read of size 8 at addr ffff8000d7ca2308 by task kworker/2:3/6504 Call trace: load_firmware_cb+0x1310/0x17a0 request_firmware_work_func+0x128/0x220 process_one_work+0x770/0x1824 worker_thread+0x488/0xea0 kthread+0x300/0x430 ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 Allocated by task 6504: kzalloc tuner_probe+0xb0/0x1430 i2c_device_probe+0x92c/0xaf0 really_probe+0x678/0xcd0 driver_probe_device+0x280/0x370 __device_attach_driver+0x220/0x330 bus_for_each_drv+0x134/0x1c0 __device_attach+0x1f4/0x410 device_initial_probe+0x20/0x30 bus_probe_device+0x184/0x200 device_add+0x924/0x12c0 device_register+0x24/0x30 i2c_new_device+0x4e0/0xc44 v4l2_i2c_new_subdev_board+0xbc/0x290 v4l2_i2c_new_subdev+0xc8/0x104 em28xx_v4l2_init+0x1dd0/0x3770 Freed by task 6504: kfree+0x238/0x4e4 tuner_remove+0x144/0x1c0 i2c_device_remove+0xc8/0x290 __device_release_driver+0x314/0x5fc device_release_driver+0x30/0x44 bus_remove_device+0x244/0x490 device_del+0x350/0x900 device_unregister+0x28/0xd0 i2c_unregister_device+0x174/0x1d0 v4l2_device_unregister+0x224/0x380 em28xx_v4l2_init+0x1d90/0x3770 The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff8000d7ca2000 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-2k of size 2048 The buggy address is located 776 bytes inside of 2048-byte region [ffff8000d7ca2000, ffff8000d7ca2800) The buggy address belongs to the page: page:ffff7fe00035f280 count:1 mapcount:0 mapping:ffff8000c001f000 index:0x0 flags: 0x7ff800000000100(slab) raw: 07ff800000000100 ffff7fe00049d880 0000000300000003 ffff8000c001f000 raw: 0000000000000000 0000000080100010 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected Memory state around the buggy address: ffff8000d7ca2200: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ffff8000d7ca2280: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb >ffff8000d7ca2300: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ^ ffff8000d7ca2380: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ffff8000d7ca2400: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ================================================================== [2] Actually, it is allocated for struct tuner, and dvb_frontend is inside.

UnknownCVSS not scoredNot KEV-listedUpdated
Glexia's TakeAutomated analysismoderate

Security readout for executives and security teams

Plain-English summary

CVE-2024-43900 is a Linux kernel memory-safety bug in the xc2028 media tuner driver. A failed device/module initialization can leave a background firmware worker using freed memory. Business risk is most relevant for systems using affected media tuner hardware or modules. No cited source indicates active exploitation.

Executive priority

Treat as a targeted kernel maintenance item, not an emergency based on current evidence. Prioritize patching exposed media-capable Linux endpoints and appliances, then include remaining Linux fleets in normal kernel update cycles.

Technical view

The flaw is a use-after-free in load_firmware_cb(). tuner_probe() allocates struct tuner, request_firmware_nowait() creates asynchronous work, tuner_remove() frees the object after initialization failure, and the worker later dereferences freed dvb_frontend data. The kernel fix checks whether the frontend pointer is null and returns with a warning.

Likely exposure

Exposure is likely limited to Linux systems with the affected xc2028 media tuner driver path enabled or hardware triggering it. General servers without media tuner devices are less likely exposed, but kernel configuration, loaded modules, and vendor backports should be checked.

Exploitation context

The issue was reported by syzkaller with KASAN evidence. The source bundle marks KEV as false and provides no public exploit or active exploitation claim. Practical exploitability is not established in the provided sources.

Researcher notes

Evidence is strong for the bug and fix path, but incomplete for CVSS, CWE, and exploitability. The CVE record’s version data is difficult to interpret without vendor-specific backport information, so validate against distribution advisories and commit inclusion.

Mitigation direction

  • Update to a vendor kernel containing the referenced stable Linux fixes.
  • Apply Debian LTS kernel updates if using affected Debian LTS packages.
  • If unable to update, check vendor guidance for supported temporary controls.
  • Prioritize assets with media capture, TV tuner, or relevant USB/I2C devices.

Validation and detection

  • Inventory kernels and map them to vendor advisories or stable fix commits.
  • Check whether xc2028-related media tuner modules are present or loaded.
  • Review package changelogs for CVE-2024-43900 or the stable commit references.
  • Confirm updated systems boot the patched kernel, not only install it.
Prepared
Confidence
medium
Sources
7

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

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Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
Unknown
CVSS
Not scored
Known Exploited
No
Published
Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

0CVSS vectors
3Timeline events
2ADP providers
6Source links

SSVC decision data

CISA-ADPCISA Coordinator
Timestamp
Version
2.0.3
Exploitation: noneAutomatable: noTechnical Impact: partial

Vulnerability timeline

Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.

  1. CVE reservedCVE Program

    The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.

  2. CVE publishedCVE Program

    The CVE record was published.

  3. CVE updatedCVE Program

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ADP provider summaries

CISA-ADPCISA ADP Vulnrichment
other:ssvc
CVECVE Program Container
Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
LinuxLinux61a96113de51e1f8f43ac98cbeadb54e60045905, 61a96113de51e1f8f43ac98cbeadb54e60045905, 61a96113de51e1f8f43ac98cbeadb54e60045905, 61a96113de51e1f8f43ac98cbeadb54e60045905unaffected
LinuxLinux3.6, 0, 6.1.105, 6.6.46, 6.10.5, 6.11affected
Weakness

CWE details

No CWE listed

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