CVE-2024-26890: Bluetooth: btrtl: fix out of bounds memory access
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
Bluetooth: btrtl: fix out of bounds memory access
The problem is detected by KASAN.
btrtl driver uses private hci data to store 'struct btrealtek_data'.
If btrtl driver is used with btusb, then memory for private hci data
is allocated in btusb. But no private data is allocated after hci_dev,
when btrtl is used with hci_h5.
This commit adds memory allocation for hci_h5 case.
==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in btrtl_initialize+0x6cc/0x958 [btrtl]
Write of size 8 at addr ffff00000f5a5748 by task kworker/u9:0/76
Hardware name: Pine64 PinePhone (1.2) (DT)
Workqueue: hci0 hci_power_on [bluetooth]
Call trace:
dump_backtrace+0x9c/0x128
show_stack+0x20/0x38
dump_stack_lvl+0x48/0x60
print_report+0xf8/0x5d8
kasan_report+0x90/0xd0
__asan_store8+0x9c/0xc0
[btrtl]
h5_btrtl_setup+0xd0/0x2f8 [hci_uart]
h5_setup+0x50/0x80 [hci_uart]
hci_uart_setup+0xd4/0x260 [hci_uart]
hci_dev_open_sync+0x1cc/0xf68 [bluetooth]
hci_dev_do_open+0x34/0x90 [bluetooth]
hci_power_on+0xc4/0x3c8 [bluetooth]
process_one_work+0x328/0x6f0
worker_thread+0x410/0x778
kthread+0x168/0x178
ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
Allocated by task 53:
kasan_save_stack+0x3c/0x68
kasan_save_track+0x20/0x40
kasan_save_alloc_info+0x68/0x78
__kasan_kmalloc+0xd4/0xd8
__kmalloc+0x1b4/0x3b0
hci_alloc_dev_priv+0x28/0xa58 [bluetooth]
hci_uart_register_device+0x118/0x4f8 [hci_uart]
h5_serdev_probe+0xf4/0x178 [hci_uart]
serdev_drv_probe+0x54/0xa0
really_probe+0x254/0x588
__driver_probe_device+0xc4/0x210
driver_probe_device+0x64/0x160
__driver_attach_async_helper+0x88/0x158
async_run_entry_fn+0xd0/0x388
process_one_work+0x328/0x6f0
worker_thread+0x410/0x778
kthread+0x168/0x178
ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
Last potentially related work creation:
kasan_save_stack+0x3c/0x68
__kasan_record_aux_stack+0xb0/0x150
kasan_record_aux_stack_noalloc+0x14/0x20
__queue_work+0x33c/0x960
queue_work_on+0x98/0xc0
hci_recv_frame+0xc8/0x1e8 [bluetooth]
h5_complete_rx_pkt+0x2c8/0x800 [hci_uart]
h5_rx_payload+0x98/0xb8 [hci_uart]
h5_recv+0x158/0x3d8 [hci_uart]
hci_uart_receive_buf+0xa0/0xe8 [hci_uart]
ttyport_receive_buf+0xac/0x178
flush_to_ldisc+0x130/0x2c8
process_one_work+0x328/0x6f0
worker_thread+0x410/0x778
kthread+0x168/0x178
ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
Second to last potentially related work creation:
kasan_save_stack+0x3c/0x68
__kasan_record_aux_stack+0xb0/0x150
kasan_record_aux_stack_noalloc+0x14/0x20
__queue_work+0x788/0x960
queue_work_on+0x98/0xc0
__hci_cmd_sync_sk+0x23c/0x7a0 [bluetooth]
__hci_cmd_sync+0x24/0x38 [bluetooth]
btrtl_initialize+0x760/0x958 [btrtl]
h5_btrtl_setup+0xd0/0x2f8 [hci_uart]
h5_setup+0x50/0x80 [hci_uart]
hci_uart_setup+0xd4/0x260 [hci_uart]
hci_dev_open_sync+0x1cc/0xf68 [bluetooth]
hci_dev_do_open+0x34/0x90 [bluetooth]
hci_power_on+0xc4/0x3c8 [bluetooth]
process_one_work+0x328/0x6f0
worker_thread+0x410/0x778
kthread+0x168/0x178
ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
==================================================================
Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
A Linux Bluetooth driver memory-allocation error can write beyond an allocated object when certain Realtek Bluetooth hardware uses the HCI H5 UART path. The failure occurs during Bluetooth initialization and may crash the system or corrupt kernel memory. The supplied CVSS score is 7.8, but exposure depends on the affected driver and hardware configuration being present.
Executive priority
Treat this as a high-priority, configuration-dependent kernel issue. Quickly identify embedded and endpoint systems using UART-attached Realtek Bluetooth, then apply supported kernel updates. Internet-wide emergency action is not supported by the evidence, but affected systems warrant timely remediation because kernel-memory corruption can have severe consequences.
Technical view
The btrtl driver stores struct btrealtek_data in private HCI memory. btusb allocates that space, while the hci_h5 path did not. During btrtl_initialize, an eight-byte write crossed the allocated slab boundary, as detected by KASAN. The stable fix adds the missing private-data allocation for hci_h5. The supplied classification is CWE-125, although the trace specifically reports an out-of-bounds write.
Likely exposure
Exposure is likely limited to Linux systems using the btrtl Realtek Bluetooth driver through hci_h5, rather than btusb. The bundle identifies Linux 6.2 and several later version markers as affected, but its version data is ambiguous. Embedded, mobile, or appliance platforms with UART-attached Realtek Bluetooth deserve priority. Distribution backports may alter actual status.
Exploitation context
The supplied CVSS vector describes a local, low-complexity attack requiring low privileges and no user interaction, with potentially high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. However, the bundle provides no demonstrated exploit, attack method, or evidence of active exploitation, and the CVE is not listed as KEV. Practical exploitability is therefore unconfirmed.
Researcher notes
The report documents KASAN slab-out-of-bounds detection during hci_power_on on a Pine64 PinePhone. Root cause is missing HCI private-data allocation in the hci_h5 integration path. The bundle’s affected-version representation contains unclear entries, including “0” and commit identifiers, so authoritative distribution or stable-tree mapping is necessary. No exploitability analysis beyond the CVSS vector is supplied.
Mitigation direction
Install a vendor-supported kernel containing the applicable stable fix.
Prioritize systems using Realtek Bluetooth through the HCI H5 UART transport.
If patching is delayed, consider disabling affected Bluetooth functionality where operationally acceptable.
Check distribution advisories for backported fixes and exact package versions.
Validation and detection
Inventory kernel versions, Bluetooth hardware, loaded btrtl modules, and HCI transport configuration.
Confirm whether Realtek Bluetooth uses hci_h5 rather than btusb.
Verify installed kernel packages include one of the referenced stable fixes or a documented backport.
After updating, test Bluetooth initialization and review kernel logs for memory or driver faults.
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Potential ATT&CK relevance
Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context
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ATT&CK lookup starting points
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cwe · low confidence lookup
CWE-125: Exact CWE lookup
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These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.
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CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.
CWE-125 · source CWE mapping
Out-of-bounds Read
Out-of-bounds Read represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.