In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
riscv: Sparse-Memory/vmemmap out-of-bounds fix
Offset vmemmap so that the first page of vmemmap will be mapped
to the first page of physical memory in order to ensure that
vmemmap’s bounds will be respected during
pfn_to_page()/page_to_pfn() operations.
The conversion macros will produce correct SV39/48/57 addresses
for every possible/valid DRAM_BASE inside the physical memory limits.
v2:Address Alex's comments
Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
A Linux kernel flaw on RISC-V systems can mishandle memory-page metadata, allowing valid address conversions to exceed expected vmemmap boundaries. The supplied CVSS score is 7.8 because a local, low-privileged attacker could potentially compromise confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Exposure depends on the system architecture, memory configuration, kernel version, and vendor backports.
Executive priority
Treat as high priority for RISC-V systems permitting local untrusted users or workloads because successful exploitation could affect all three security properties. Prioritize asset identification and vendor-supported kernel updates. Systems that are not RISC-V are not indicated as exposed by the supplied sources.
Technical view
The RISC-V sparse-memory vmemmap layout was not offset to align its first page with the first physical-memory page. Consequently, pfn_to_page() and page_to_pfn() could produce out-of-bounds results for some valid DRAM_BASE values under SV39, SV48, or SV57. Stable-kernel commits correct the mapping offset so conversions remain within bounds.
Likely exposure
Likely exposure is limited to RISC-V Linux systems using the relevant sparse-memory/vmemmap code. The record lists affected kernel versions including 5.4, 5.15.151, 6.1.81, 6.6.21, 6.7.9, and 6.8, but its version data is ambiguous. Distribution backports must be checked before declaring a host vulnerable.
Exploitation context
The CVSS vector describes local access, low privileges, low complexity, and no user interaction, with potentially high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. The supplied record is not in KEV and provides no evidence of active exploitation or a public exploit. Practical trigger conditions are not fully documented in the bundle.
Researcher notes
The source bundle identifies an out-of-bounds condition but assigns no CWE and gives no reproducer, crash trace, or confirmed attack path. Its affected-version entries appear flattened or duplicated, so upstream version comparison alone is insufficient. Researchers should correlate the running configuration and distributor backports with the cited stable commits without interpreting absent exploit evidence as proof of non-exploitability.
Mitigation direction
Install a vendor-supported kernel containing the applicable stable-kernel correction.
Check distribution advisories because patched package versions may differ from upstream versions.
Prioritize exposed multi-user or untrusted-workload RISC-V systems.
Restrict local access and untrusted workloads until affected systems are updated.
Validation and detection
Confirm whether each system uses the RISC-V architecture.
Identify the running kernel version and relevant sparse-memory configuration.
Compare vendor package status against the applicable stable-kernel fix.
Verify the patched kernel is running after installation and reboot.
Review vendor advisories for backports that retain an older version number.
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Potential ATT&CK relevance
Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context
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We collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.