CVE-2023-54070: igb: clean up in all error paths when enabling SR-IOV
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
igb: clean up in all error paths when enabling SR-IOV
After commit 50f303496d92 ("igb: Enable SR-IOV after reinit"), removing
the igb module could hang or crash (depending on the machine) when the
module has been loaded with the max_vfs parameter set to some value != 0.
In case of one test machine with a dual port 82580, this hang occurred:
[ 232.480687] igb 0000:41:00.1: removed PHC on enp65s0f1
[ 233.093257] igb 0000:41:00.1: IOV Disabled
[ 233.329969] pcieport 0000:40:01.0: AER: Multiple Uncorrected (Non-Fatal) err0
[ 233.340302] igb 0000:41:00.0: PCIe Bus Error: severity=Uncorrected (Non-Fata)
[ 233.352248] igb 0000:41:00.0: device [8086:1516] error status/mask=00100000
[ 233.361088] igb 0000:41:00.0: [20] UnsupReq (First)
[ 233.368183] igb 0000:41:00.0: AER: TLP Header: 40000001 0000040f cdbfc00c c
[ 233.376846] igb 0000:41:00.1: PCIe Bus Error: severity=Uncorrected (Non-Fata)
[ 233.388779] igb 0000:41:00.1: device [8086:1516] error status/mask=00100000
[ 233.397629] igb 0000:41:00.1: [20] UnsupReq (First)
[ 233.404736] igb 0000:41:00.1: AER: TLP Header: 40000001 0000040f cdbfc00c c
[ 233.538214] pci 0000:41:00.1: AER: can't recover (no error_detected callback)
[ 233.538401] igb 0000:41:00.0: removed PHC on enp65s0f0
[ 233.546197] pcieport 0000:40:01.0: AER: device recovery failed
[ 234.157244] igb 0000:41:00.0: IOV Disabled
[ 371.619705] INFO: task irq/35-aerdrv:257 blocked for more than 122 seconds.
[ 371.627489] Not tainted 6.4.0-dirty #2
[ 371.632257] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this.
[ 371.641000] task:irq/35-aerdrv state:D stack:0 pid:257 ppid:2 f0
[ 371.650330] Call Trace:
[ 371.653061] <TASK>
[ 371.655407] __schedule+0x20e/0x660
[ 371.659313] schedule+0x5a/0xd0
[ 371.662824] schedule_preempt_disabled+0x11/0x20
[ 371.667983] __mutex_lock.constprop.0+0x372/0x6c0
[ 371.673237] ? __pfx_aer_root_reset+0x10/0x10
[ 371.678105] report_error_detected+0x25/0x1c0
[ 371.682974] ? __pfx_report_normal_detected+0x10/0x10
[ 371.688618] pci_walk_bus+0x72/0x90
[ 371.692519] pcie_do_recovery+0xb2/0x330
[ 371.696899] aer_process_err_devices+0x117/0x170
[ 371.702055] aer_isr+0x1c0/0x1e0
[ 371.705661] ? __set_cpus_allowed_ptr+0x54/0xa0
[ 371.710723] ? __pfx_irq_thread_fn+0x10/0x10
[ 371.715496] irq_thread_fn+0x20/0x60
[ 371.719491] irq_thread+0xe6/0x1b0
[ 371.723291] ? __pfx_irq_thread_dtor+0x10/0x10
[ 371.728255] ? __pfx_irq_thread+0x10/0x10
[ 371.732731] kthread+0xe2/0x110
[ 371.736243] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
[ 371.740430] ret_from_fork+0x2c/0x50
[ 371.744428] </TASK>
The reproducer was a simple script:
#!/bin/sh
for i in `seq 1 5`; do
modprobe -rv igb
modprobe -v igb max_vfs=1
sleep 1
modprobe -rv igb
done
It turned out that this could only be reproduce on 82580 (quad and
dual-port), but not on 82576, i350 and i210. Further debugging showed
that igb_enable_sriov()'s call to pci_enable_sriov() is failing, because
dev->is_physfn is 0 on 82580.
Prior to commit 50f303496d92 ("igb: Enable SR-IOV after reinit"),
igb_enable_sriov() jumped into the "err_out" cleanup branch. After this
commit it only returned the error code.
So the cleanup didn't take place, and the incorrect VF setup in the
igb_adapter structure fooled the igb driver into assuming that VFs have
been set up where no VF actually existed.
Fix this problem by cleaning up again if pci_enable_sriov() fails.
Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
This is a Linux kernel igb network driver availability bug. On systems using Intel 82580 adapters, enabling SR-IOV through max_vfs could leave bad driver state if setup fails, then module removal may hang or crash the machine.
Executive priority
Treat as a targeted availability risk for specific Linux network hardware, not a broad internet-exposed emergency. Patch affected infrastructure through normal kernel maintenance, faster for virtualization hosts relying on SR-IOV.
Technical view
The regression followed commit 50f303496d92. igb_enable_sriov() returned after pci_enable_sriov() failed instead of running cleanup, leaving the adapter structure indicating VFs existed when none did. The cited fix restores cleanup on the failure path.
Likely exposure
Likely limited to Linux systems using the igb driver with SR-IOV enabled through max_vfs, especially Intel 82580 dual or quad port adapters.
Exploitation context
No KEV listing or source evidence indicates active exploitation. The source describes a local reproducer using repeated module unload/load operations, which normally requires privileged system access.
Researcher notes
Evidence is narrow: the report names 82580 as reproducible and says 82576, i350, and i210 were not reproducible. Severity, CVSS, CWE, and public exploitation evidence are not provided.
Mitigation direction
Apply Linux kernel stable updates containing the referenced igb cleanup fix.
Prioritize hosts using Intel 82580 adapters with igb SR-IOV enabled.
If patching is delayed, avoid loading igb with max_vfs nonzero where operationally possible.
Monitor vendor distribution advisories for backported kernel packages.
Schedule remediation during maintenance because affected systems may hang or crash.
Validation and detection
Inventory Linux hosts using the igb driver and Intel 82580 adapters.
Check whether igb is loaded with max_vfs set to a nonzero value.
Confirm the running kernel includes one of the referenced stable fixes or a vendor backport.
Review kernel logs for igb IOV, PCIe AER, hung task, or crash messages.
Test remediation in staging before changing production network driver behavior.
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
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Dec 24, 2025, 12:23 UTC (UTC+00:00)
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