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CVE Record

CVE-2023-4001: Grub2: bypass the grub password protection feature

An authentication bypass flaw was found in GRUB due to the way that GRUB uses the UUID of a device to search for the configuration file that contains the password hash for the GRUB password protection feature. An attacker capable of attaching an external drive such as a USB stick containing a file system with a duplicate UUID (the same as in the "/boot/" file system) can bypass the GRUB password protection feature on UEFI systems, which enumerate removable drives before non-removable ones. This issue was introduced in a downstream patch in Red Hat's version of grub2 and does not affect the upstream package.

MediumCVSS 6.8Not KEV-listedUpdated
Glexia's TakeAutomated analysis

Security readout for executives and security teams

This flaw can let someone with physical access bypass GRUB password protection on affected Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 systems. It matters most for laptops, edge devices, kiosks, servers in shared facilities, and environments relying on GRUB passwords as a physical-access control. Likely exposure is limited to affected Red Hat grub2 packages on RHEL 9, including listed EUS 9.0 and 9.2 builds. Systems without attacker physical access, without removable boot exposure, or not relying on GRUB password protection have reduced practical risk. Prioritize remediation for physically exposed RHEL 9 assets and systems where GRUB passwords protect sensitive operations. This is not a remote mass-exploitation issue, but it can undermine local tamper resistance and should be handled in normal security update cycles with higher urgency for exposed devices. Mitigation focus: Apply relevant Red Hat grub2 updates from RHSA-2024:0437, RHSA-2024:0456, or RHSA-2024:0468.; Check Red Hat's CVE page for package status and environment-specific guidance.; Review vendor advisories for derived products or appliances that include affected grub2 builds..

Prepared

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

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ATT&CK lookup starting points

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cwe · low confidence lookup

CWE-290: Exact CWE lookup

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description · low confidence lookup

Credential and access behavior lookup

The CVE wording references authentication or credential exposure, so valid-account and credential-access review may help. This is a Glexia inferred lookup path, not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, or CVE Program mapping.

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CVE-2023-4001 mapping review

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Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
Medium
CVSS
6.8 (3.1)
Known Exploited
No
Published

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

1CVSS vectors
0Timeline events
0ADP providers
10Source links

CVSS vector scores

1 official score

We collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.

ScoreVersionSeverityVectorExploitImpactSource
6.8CVSS 3.1MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H0.95.9Primary CVE score

Vulnerability scoring details

Base CVSS 3.1 score

6.8Medium
CVSS 3.1 vector shape for CVE-2023-4001Attack VectorAttack ComplexityPrivileges RequiredUser InteractionScopeConfidentiality ImpactIntegrity ImpactAvailability Impact

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector
NetworkAdjacentLocalPhysical
Attack Complexity
LowHigh
Privileges Required
NoneLowHigh
User Interaction
NoneRequired
Scope
ChangedUnchanged
Confidentiality Impact
HighLowNone
Integrity Impact
HighLowNone
Availability Impact
HighLowNone

Source materials

Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9grub2, 1:2.06-70.el9_3.2affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Extended Update Supportgrub2, 1:2.06-27.el9_0.16affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Extended Update Supportgrub2, 1:2.06-61.el9_2.2affected
Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8grub2unaffected
Weakness

CWE details

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CWE-290 · source CWE mapping

Authentication Bypass by Spoofing

Authentication Bypass by Spoofing represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.