CVE-2022-50000: netfilter: flowtable: fix stuck flows on cleanup due to pending work
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
netfilter: flowtable: fix stuck flows on cleanup due to pending work
To clear the flow table on flow table free, the following sequence
normally happens in order:
1) gc_step work is stopped to disable any further stats/del requests.
2) All flow table entries are set to teardown state.
3) Run gc_step which will queue HW del work for each flow table entry.
4) Waiting for the above del work to finish (flush).
5) Run gc_step again, deleting all entries from the flow table.
6) Flow table is freed.
But if a flow table entry already has pending HW stats or HW add work
step 3 will not queue HW del work (it will be skipped), step 4 will wait
for the pending add/stats to finish, and step 5 will queue HW del work
which might execute after freeing of the flow table.
To fix the above, this patch flushes the pending work, then it sets the
teardown flag to all flows in the flowtable and it forces a garbage
collector run to queue work to remove the flows from hardware, then it
flushes this new pending work and (finally) it forces another garbage
collector run to remove the entry from the software flowtable.
Stack trace:
[47773.882335] BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in down_read+0x99/0x460
[47773.883634] Write of size 8 at addr ffff888103b45aa8 by task kworker/u20:6/543704
[47773.885634] CPU: 3 PID: 543704 Comm: kworker/u20:6 Not tainted 5.12.0-rc7+ #2
[47773.886745] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009)
[47773.888438] Workqueue: nf_ft_offload_del flow_offload_work_handler [nf_flow_table]
[47773.889727] Call Trace:
[47773.890214] dump_stack+0xbb/0x107
[47773.890818] print_address_description.constprop.0+0x18/0x140
[47773.892990] kasan_report.cold+0x7c/0xd8
[47773.894459] kasan_check_range+0x145/0x1a0
[47773.895174] down_read+0x99/0x460
[47773.899706] nf_flow_offload_tuple+0x24f/0x3c0 [nf_flow_table]
[47773.907137] flow_offload_work_handler+0x72d/0xbe0 [nf_flow_table]
[47773.913372] process_one_work+0x8ac/0x14e0
[47773.921325]
[47773.921325] Allocated by task 592159:
[47773.922031] kasan_save_stack+0x1b/0x40
[47773.922730] __kasan_kmalloc+0x7a/0x90
[47773.923411] tcf_ct_flow_table_get+0x3cb/0x1230 [act_ct]
[47773.924363] tcf_ct_init+0x71c/0x1156 [act_ct]
[47773.925207] tcf_action_init_1+0x45b/0x700
[47773.925987] tcf_action_init+0x453/0x6b0
[47773.926692] tcf_exts_validate+0x3d0/0x600
[47773.927419] fl_change+0x757/0x4a51 [cls_flower]
[47773.928227] tc_new_tfilter+0x89a/0x2070
[47773.936652]
[47773.936652] Freed by task 543704:
[47773.937303] kasan_save_stack+0x1b/0x40
[47773.938039] kasan_set_track+0x1c/0x30
[47773.938731] kasan_set_free_info+0x20/0x30
[47773.939467] __kasan_slab_free+0xe7/0x120
[47773.940194] slab_free_freelist_hook+0x86/0x190
[47773.941038] kfree+0xce/0x3a0
[47773.941644] tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work
Original patch description and stack trace by Paul Blakey.
Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
A Linux netfilter cleanup race can leave asynchronous hardware-offload work running after its flow table is freed. This use-after-free may crash the system or corrupt kernel memory. The supplied CVSS rating is 7.8 because a local, low-privileged attacker could potentially affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability without user interaction.
Executive priority
Treat this as a high-priority kernel update for multi-user, edge, networking, and virtualization hosts using flow offload. It is less urgent where the feature is unused and untrusted local access is absent, but those conditions should be verified rather than assumed. No active exploitation evidence is supplied.
Technical view
Pending hardware add or statistics work can prevent deletion work from being queued during flowtable teardown. A later garbage-collection pass may queue deletion after the flow table has been freed, causing a kernel use-after-free. The fix flushes existing work before teardown, queues hardware removals, flushes again, and then removes software entries.
Likely exposure
Exposure is most likely on affected Linux systems using netfilter flowtables with hardware offload. The bundle lists versions 5.5, 5.15.64, 5.19.6, and 6.0 as affected, but distro backports may change status. Local low-privileged access is required by the supplied CVSS vector; network-only exposure is not established.
Exploitation context
The supplied sources do not report active exploitation, and the CVE is not listed as KEV in the bundle. A KASAN trace demonstrates the use-after-free during flowtable cleanup. Public evidence provided here establishes the defect and impact rating, but not a reliable exploitation technique or observed attacks.
Researcher notes
The failure is an asynchronous teardown ordering flaw in nf_flow_table. Pending add or statistics work causes hardware-delete scheduling to move past the original flush, allowing deletion work to dereference a freed flow table. Exact vulnerable ranges and downstream patch status are not fully resolved by the supplied version list, so vendor package mapping remains necessary.
Mitigation direction
Upgrade to a vendor-supported kernel containing the applicable stable fix.
Check distribution advisories for backported fixes and exact package versions.
Prioritize systems using netfilter flowtables and hardware offload.
Restrict untrusted local access until affected systems are updated.
Validation and detection
Inventory running kernel versions and distribution package revisions.
Confirm patched status against the distribution or kernel vendor advisory.
Identify hosts loading or using netfilter flowtable hardware-offload functionality.
After updating, verify the fixed kernel is running following any required reboot.
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
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