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CVE-2022-49945: hwmon: (gpio-fan) Fix array out of bounds access

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hwmon: (gpio-fan) Fix array out of bounds access The driver does not check if the cooling state passed to gpio_fan_set_cur_state() exceeds the maximum cooling state as stored in fan_data->num_speeds. Since the cooling state is later used as an array index in set_fan_speed(), an array out of bounds access can occur. This can be exploited by setting the state of the thermal cooling device to arbitrary values, causing for example a kernel oops when unavailable memory is accessed this way. Example kernel oops: [ 807.987276] Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ffffff80d0588064 [ 807.987369] Mem abort info: [ 807.987398] ESR = 0x96000005 [ 807.987428] EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits [ 807.987477] SET = 0, FnV = 0 [ 807.987507] EA = 0, S1PTW = 0 [ 807.987536] FSC = 0x05: level 1 translation fault [ 807.987570] Data abort info: [ 807.987763] ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000005 [ 807.987801] CM = 0, WnR = 0 [ 807.987832] swapper pgtable: 4k pages, 39-bit VAs, pgdp=0000000001165000 [ 807.987872] [ffffff80d0588064] pgd=0000000000000000, p4d=0000000000000000, pud=0000000000000000 [ 807.987961] Internal error: Oops: 96000005 [#1] PREEMPT SMP [ 807.987992] Modules linked in: cmac algif_hash aes_arm64 algif_skcipher af_alg bnep hci_uart btbcm bluetooth ecdh_generic ecc 8021q garp stp llc snd_soc_hdmi_codec brcmfmac vc4 brcmutil cec drm_kms_helper snd_soc_core cfg80211 snd_compress bcm2835_codec(C) snd_pcm_dmaengine syscopyarea bcm2835_isp(C) bcm2835_v4l2(C) sysfillrect v4l2_mem2mem bcm2835_mmal_vchiq(C) raspberrypi_hwmon sysimgblt videobuf2_dma_contig videobuf2_vmalloc fb_sys_fops videobuf2_memops rfkill videobuf2_v4l2 videobuf2_common i2c_bcm2835 snd_bcm2835(C) videodev snd_pcm snd_timer snd mc vc_sm_cma(C) gpio_fan uio_pdrv_genirq uio drm fuse drm_panel_orientation_quirks backlight ip_tables x_tables ipv6 [ 807.988508] CPU: 0 PID: 1321 Comm: bash Tainted: G C 5.15.56-v8+ #1575 [ 807.988548] Hardware name: Raspberry Pi 3 Model B Rev 1.2 (DT) [ 807.988574] pstate: 20000005 (nzCv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) [ 807.988608] pc : set_fan_speed.part.5+0x34/0x80 [gpio_fan] [ 807.988654] lr : gpio_fan_set_cur_state+0x34/0x50 [gpio_fan] [ 807.988691] sp : ffffffc008cf3bd0 [ 807.988710] x29: ffffffc008cf3bd0 x28: ffffff80019edac0 x27: 0000000000000000 [ 807.988762] x26: 0000000000000000 x25: 0000000000000000 x24: ffffff800747c920 [ 807.988787] x23: 000000000000000a x22: ffffff800369f000 x21: 000000001999997c [ 807.988854] x20: ffffff800369f2e8 x19: ffffff8002ae8080 x18: 0000000000000000 [ 807.988877] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: 000000559e271b70 [ 807.988938] x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 0000000000000000 x12: 0000000000000000 [ 807.988960] x11: 0000000000000000 x10: ffffffc008cf3c20 x9 : ffffffcfb60c741c [ 807.989018] x8 : 000000000000000a x7 : 00000000ffffffc9 x6 : 0000000000000009 [ 807.989040] x5 : 000000000000002a x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : ffffff800369f2e8 [ 807.989062] x2 : 000000000000e780 x1 : 0000000000000001 x0 : ffffff80d0588060 [ 807.989084] Call trace: [ 807.989091] set_fan_speed.part.5+0x34/0x80 [gpio_fan] [ 807.989113] gpio_fan_set_cur_state+0x34/0x50 [gpio_fan] [ 807.989199] cur_state_store+0x84/0xd0 [ 807.989221] dev_attr_store+0x20/0x38 [ 807.989262] sysfs_kf_write+0x4c/0x60 [ 807.989282] kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x130/0x1c0 [ 807.989298] new_sync_write+0x10c/0x190 [ 807.989315] vfs_write+0x254/0x378 [ 807.989362] ksys_write+0x70/0xf8 [ 807.989379] __arm64_sys_write+0x24/0x30 [ 807.989424] invoke_syscall+0x4c/0x110 [ 807.989442] el0_svc_common.constprop.3+0xfc/0x120 [ 807.989458] do_el0_svc+0x2c/0x90 [ 807.989473] el0_svc+0x24/0x60 [ 807.989544] el0t_64_sync_handler+0x90/0xb8 [ 807.989558] el0t_64_sync+0x1a0/0x1a4 [ 807.989579] Code: b9403801 f9402800 7100003f 8b35cc00 (b9400416) [ 807.989627] ---[ end t ---truncated---

UnknownCVSS not scoredNot KEV-listedUpdated
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Glexia's TakeAutomated analysismoderate

Security readout for executives and security teams

Plain-English summary

CVE-2022-49945 is a Linux kernel gpio-fan driver flaw. If a system exposes that driver, an out-of-range cooling state can make the kernel read outside an expected array and crash. Business impact is mainly availability loss on affected Linux systems, especially embedded or hardware platforms using gpio-fan.

Executive priority

Treat as a targeted availability risk, not a broad internet-facing emergency based on supplied evidence. Patch during normal kernel maintenance, faster for exposed embedded, appliance, or operational systems where a crash would disrupt service.

Technical view

gpio_fan_set_cur_state() failed to reject cooling states greater than fan_data->num_speeds. That state is later used as an array index in set_fan_speed(), allowing out-of-bounds access. The source describes a kernel oops after setting arbitrary thermal cooling device states. The fix is represented by Linux stable kernel commits.

Likely exposure

Exposure appears limited to Linux systems using the gpio-fan hardware monitoring driver and exposing thermal cooling state control to a user or process. The bundle lists affected Linux kernel ranges but does not identify distributions, appliances, or cloud images.

Exploitation context

The CVE source says the issue can be exploited by setting the thermal cooling device state to arbitrary values, causing a kernel oops. KEV is false, and the supplied sources do not show active exploitation or public weaponization.

Researcher notes

The affected surface is driver- and platform-dependent. The source evidence supports out-of-bounds access leading to kernel oops, but does not establish privilege escalation, remote reachability, CVSS, CWE, or active exploitation. Validate against actual kernel config and vendor backports.

Mitigation direction

  • Update to a vendor kernel containing the referenced Linux stable fixes.
  • Check distribution or device-vendor guidance for backported fixed kernels.
  • Prioritize embedded and hardware-adjacent Linux systems using gpio-fan.
  • Restrict untrusted local access to thermal cooling controls where feasible.

Validation and detection

  • Inventory Linux kernel versions against vendor advisories and fixed stable commits.
  • Confirm whether the gpio_fan driver is built, loaded, or used on each system.
  • Review who can modify thermal cooling device state on exposed hosts.
  • Validate remediation by confirming the vendor kernel includes the upstream bounds check.
Prepared
Confidence
medium
Sources
10

Public sources used

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

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CVE-2022-49945 mapping review

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Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
Unknown
CVSS
Not scored
Known Exploited
No
Published
Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

0CVSS vectors
3Timeline events
0ADP providers
9Source links

Vulnerability timeline

Timeline events are normalized from CVE metadata, CNA source timelines, ADP timelines, and KEV metadata when present.

  1. CVE reservedCVE Program

    The CVE ID was reserved by the assigning CNA.

  2. CVE publishedCVE Program

    The CVE record was published.

  3. CVE updatedCVE Program

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Source materials

Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
LinuxLinuxb5cf88e46badea6d600d8515edea23814e03444d, b5cf88e46badea6d600d8515edea23814e03444d, b5cf88e46badea6d600d8515edea23814e03444d, b5cf88e46badea6d600d8515edea23814e03444d, b5cf88e46badea6d600d8515edea23814e03444d, b5cf88e46badea6d600d8515edea23814e03444d, b5cf88e46badea6d600d8515edea23814e03444d, b5cf88e46badea6d600d8515edea23814e03444dunaffected
LinuxLinux4.1, 0, 4.9.328, 4.14.293, 4.19.258, 5.4.213, 5.10.142, 5.15.66, 5.19.8, 6.0affected
Weakness

CWE details

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