CVE-2022-48845: MIPS: smp: fill in sibling and core maps earlier
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
MIPS: smp: fill in sibling and core maps earlier
After enabling CONFIG_SCHED_CORE (landed during 5.14 cycle),
2-core 2-thread-per-core interAptiv (CPS-driven) started emitting
the following:
[ 0.025698] CPU1 revision is: 0001a120 (MIPS interAptiv (multi))
[ 0.048183] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[ 0.048187] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 0 at kernel/sched/core.c:6025 sched_core_cpu_starting+0x198/0x240
[ 0.048220] Modules linked in:
[ 0.048233] CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Not tainted 5.17.0-rc3+ #35 b7b319f24073fd9a3c2aa7ad15fb7993eec0b26f
[ 0.048247] Stack : 817f0000 00000004 327804c8 810eb050 00000000 00000004 00000000 c314fdd1
[ 0.048278] 830cbd64 819c0000 81800000 817f0000 83070bf4 00000001 830cbd08 00000000
[ 0.048307] 00000000 00000000 815fcbc4 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
[ 0.048334] 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 817f0000 00000000 00000000 817f6f34
[ 0.048361] 817f0000 818a3c00 817f0000 00000004 00000000 00000000 4dc33260 0018c933
[ 0.048389] ...
[ 0.048396] Call Trace:
[ 0.048399] [<8105a7bc>] show_stack+0x3c/0x140
[ 0.048424] [<8131c2a0>] dump_stack_lvl+0x60/0x80
[ 0.048440] [<8108b5c0>] __warn+0xc0/0xf4
[ 0.048454] [<8108b658>] warn_slowpath_fmt+0x64/0x10c
[ 0.048467] [<810bd418>] sched_core_cpu_starting+0x198/0x240
[ 0.048483] [<810c6514>] sched_cpu_starting+0x14/0x80
[ 0.048497] [<8108c0f8>] cpuhp_invoke_callback_range+0x78/0x140
[ 0.048510] [<8108d914>] notify_cpu_starting+0x94/0x140
[ 0.048523] [<8106593c>] start_secondary+0xbc/0x280
[ 0.048539]
[ 0.048543] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
[ 0.048636] Synchronize counters for CPU 1: done.
...for each but CPU 0/boot.
Basic debug printks right before the mentioned line say:
[ 0.048170] CPU: 1, smt_mask:
So smt_mask, which is sibling mask obviously, is empty when entering
the function.
This is critical, as sched_core_cpu_starting() calculates
core-scheduling parameters only once per CPU start, and it's crucial
to have all the parameters filled in at that moment (at least it
uses cpu_smt_mask() which in fact is `&cpu_sibling_map[cpu]` on
MIPS).
A bit of debugging led me to that set_cpu_sibling_map() performing
the actual map calculation, was being invocated after
notify_cpu_start(), and exactly the latter function starts CPU HP
callback round (sched_core_cpu_starting() is basically a CPU HP
callback).
While the flow is same on ARM64 (maps after the notifier, although
before calling set_cpu_online()), x86 started calculating sibling
maps earlier than starting the CPU HP callbacks in Linux 4.14 (see
[0] for the reference). Neither me nor my brief tests couldn't find
any potential caveats in calculating the maps right after performing
delay calibration, but the WARN splat is now gone.
The very same debug prints now yield exactly what I expected from
them:
[ 0.048433] CPU: 1, smt_mask: 0-1
[0] https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mips/linux.git/commit/?id=76ce7cfe35ef
Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
CVE-2022-48845 is a Linux kernel MIPS scheduling initialization bug. Some MIPS systems could start secondary CPUs before sibling and core CPU maps were populated, triggering scheduler warnings and potentially incorrect core-scheduling setup. The sources do not describe remote exploitation, privilege escalation, data theft, or service impact.
Executive priority
Treat this as a targeted platform maintenance issue, not an internet-wide emergency based on current evidence. Prioritize organizations operating MIPS-based appliances, embedded systems, or custom kernels, especially where vendor firmware updates lag.
Technical view
On MIPS, set_cpu_sibling_map() ran after notify_cpu_starting(), while sched_core_cpu_starting() needed cpu_sibling_map during CPU hotplug startup. With CONFIG_SCHED_CORE, affected systems could enter the scheduler callback with an empty SMT mask. The fix moves sibling/core map population earlier, after delay calibration and before CPU hotplug callbacks.
Likely exposure
Exposure appears limited to Linux kernel deployments on MIPS, especially SMP/SMT systems using CONFIG_SCHED_CORE. The bundle lists Linux 2.6.28 through 5.17-era affected version ranges and several stable kernel fix commits. Non-MIPS systems are not identified as affected in the supplied sources.
Exploitation context
No active exploitation is identified. The record is not in KEV, has no CVSS score, and the public description centers on boot-time scheduler warnings and incorrect initialization ordering. The supplied evidence does not establish a practical exploit path or attacker prerequisites.
Researcher notes
The useful research question is operational impact, not weaponization. Sources show a scheduler initialization ordering defect and stable backports, but do not document security impact beyond incorrect core-scheduling setup. Validate architecture, config, and patch presence before assigning urgency.
Mitigation direction
Check vendor or distribution advisories for kernels containing the referenced stable fixes.
Prioritize MIPS SMP/SMT systems running CONFIG_SCHED_CORE or affected kernel ranges.
Upgrade to a maintained kernel release that includes the MIPS sibling/core map timing fix.
For embedded appliances, request firmware status from the device vendor.
Validation and detection
Inventory Linux kernel versions and CPU architecture on exposed systems.
Confirm whether deployed kernels include one of the referenced stable commits.
Review boot logs for sched_core_cpu_starting warnings on MIPS systems.
Check kernel configuration for CONFIG_SCHED_CORE on MIPS builds.
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Potential ATT&CK relevance
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