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CVE Record

CVE-2021-40444: Microsoft MSHTML Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

<p>Microsoft is investigating reports of a remote code execution vulnerability in MSHTML that affects Microsoft Windows. Microsoft is aware of targeted attacks that attempt to exploit this vulnerability by using specially-crafted Microsoft Office documents.</p> <p>An attacker could craft a malicious ActiveX control to be used by a Microsoft Office document that hosts the browser rendering engine. The attacker would then have to convince the user to open the malicious document. Users whose accounts are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than users who operate with administrative user rights.</p> <p>Microsoft Defender Antivirus and Microsoft Defender for Endpoint both provide detection and protections for the known vulnerability. Customers should keep antimalware products up to date. Customers who utilize automatic updates do not need to take additional action. Enterprise customers who manage updates should select the detection build 1.349.22.0 or newer and deploy it across their environments. Microsoft Defender for Endpoint alerts will be displayed as: “Suspicious Cpl File Execution”.</p> <p>Upon completion of this investigation, Microsoft will take the appropriate action to help protect our customers. This may include providing a security update through our monthly release process or providing an out-of-cycle security update, depending on customer needs.</p> <p>Please see the <strong>Mitigations</strong> and <strong>Workaround</strong> sections for important information about steps you can take to protect your system from this vulnerability.</p> <p><strong>UPDATE</strong> September 14, 2021: Microsoft has released security updates to address this vulnerability. Please see the Security Updates table for the applicable update for your system. We recommend that you install these updates immediately. Please see the FAQ for important information about which updates are applicable to your system.</p>

HighCVSS 8.8Known exploitedUpdated
Glexia's TakeAutomated analysis

Security readout for executives and security teams

This is a Microsoft Windows MSHTML flaw abused through malicious Office documents. A victim must open the document, but Microsoft reported targeted attacks and CISA lists the CVE as known exploited. Business urgency is high for Windows endpoint patching, email-borne attack monitoring, and Defender coverage. Exposure is likely where affected Windows client or server versions remained unpatched after Microsoft's September 14, 2021 security updates, especially endpoints receiving Office documents from email or the web. Treat this as urgent if any affected Windows systems remain unpatched. The vulnerability is old but known exploited, and document-based delivery fits normal phishing paths, so lagging endpoints represent a realistic compromise path. Mitigation focus: Install the applicable Microsoft security updates for CVE-2021-40444 immediately.; Keep Microsoft Defender Antivirus and Defender for Endpoint protections current.; Deploy Defender detection build 1.349.22.0 or newer where managed centrally..

Prepared

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

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ATT&CK lookup starting points

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cwe · medium confidence lookup

CWE-22: File access and web shell behavior lookup

File traversal and upload weaknesses can lead teams to review file, web shell, execution, and collection telemetry. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.

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description · low confidence lookup

Execution behavior lookup

The CVE wording references code or command execution, so execution technique review may help defensive triage. This is a Glexia inferred lookup path, not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, or CVE Program mapping.

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cve · low confidence lookup

CVE-2021-40444 mapping review

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Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
High
CVSS
8.8 (3.1)
Known Exploited
Yes
Published

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

1CVSS vectors
0Timeline events
0ADP providers
3Source links

CISA KEV status

Status
Known exploited
Source
CISA / ADP
Date added
Not provided

CVSS vector scores

1 official score

We collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.

ScoreVersionSeverityVectorExploitImpactSource
8.8CVSS 3.1HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C2.85.3Primary CVE score

Vulnerability scoring details

Base CVSS 3.1 score

8.8High
CVSS 3.1 vector shape for CVE-2021-40444Attack VectorAttack ComplexityPrivileges RequiredUser InteractionScopeConfidentiality ImpactIntegrity ImpactAvailability Impact

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

Attack Vector
NetworkAdjacentLocalPhysical
Attack Complexity
LowHigh
Privileges Required
NoneLowHigh
User Interaction
NoneRequired
Scope
ChangedUnchanged
Confidentiality Impact
HighLowNone
Integrity Impact
HighLowNone
Availability Impact
HighLowNone
Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
MicrosoftWindows 10 Version 180910.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server 201910.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)10.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows 10 Version 190910.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows 10 Version 21H110.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server 202210.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows 10 Version 200410.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server version 200410.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows 10 Version 20H210.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server version 20H210.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows 10 Version 150710.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows 10 Version 160710.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server 201610.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)10.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows 76.1.0, 6.1.0, 6.1.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows 7 Service Pack 16.1.0, 6.1.0, 6.1.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows 8.16.3.0, 6.3.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server 2008 Service Pack 26.0.0, 6.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)6.0.0, 6.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server 2008 Service Pack 26.0.0, 6.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 16.1.0, 6.1.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)6.0.0, 6.0.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server 20126.2.0, 6.2.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)6.2.0, 6.2.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server 2012 R26.3.0, 6.3.0Listed
MicrosoftWindows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)6.3.0, 6.3.0Listed
Weakness

CWE details

CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.