LiveActive security incident?Get immediate response
CVE Record

CVE-2021-37649: Null pointer dereference in `UncompressElement` in TensorFlow

TensorFlow is an end-to-end open source platform for machine learning. The code for `tf.raw_ops.UncompressElement` can be made to trigger a null pointer dereference. The [implementation](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/f24faa153ad31a4b51578f8181d3aaab77a1ddeb/tensorflow/core/kernels/data/experimental/compression_ops.cc#L50-L53) obtains a pointer to a `CompressedElement` from a `Variant` tensor and then proceeds to dereference it for decompressing. There is no check that the `Variant` tensor contained a `CompressedElement`, so the pointer is actually `nullptr`. We have patched the issue in GitHub commit 7bdf50bb4f5c54a4997c379092888546c97c3ebd. The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.6.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.5.1, TensorFlow 2.4.3, and TensorFlow 2.3.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.

HighCVSS 7.7Not KEV-listedUpdated
Glexia's TakeAutomated analysishigh

Security readout for executives and security teams

Plain-English summary

This TensorFlow flaw can crash or corrupt behavior when a specific decompression operation receives an unexpected tensor type. The issue matters most in environments where users, jobs, notebooks, or pipelines can run TensorFlow code on shared infrastructure. Provided sources do not show active exploitation.

Executive priority

Prioritize remediation for shared ML platforms, research notebooks, and production pipelines that run user-controlled TensorFlow workloads. Lower urgency applies where TensorFlow is not present or only trusted code runs. Patch during the next controlled dependency update if exposure is internal and tightly controlled.

Technical view

CVE-2021-37649 is a CWE-476 null pointer dereference in TensorFlow raw_ops.UncompressElement. The implementation retrieved a CompressedElement pointer from a Variant tensor and dereferenced it without verifying the Variant held that type. TensorFlow patched the issue in commit 7bdf50bb4f5c54a4997c379092888546c97c3ebd.

Likely exposure

Exposure is limited to affected TensorFlow versions: >=2.5.0 and <2.5.1, >=2.4.0 and <2.4.3, and versions before 2.3.4. Risk is higher on shared ML platforms or systems accepting untrusted TensorFlow workloads, models, or notebooks.

Exploitation context

The CVSS vector is local, low complexity, no privileges, and no user interaction. The source bundle marks KEV as false, and no cited source confirms active exploitation. Treat this as a denial-of-service and integrity risk in affected TensorFlow execution contexts.

Researcher notes

The vulnerability is type-confusion-adjacent at the Variant handling boundary, resulting in a null dereference in UncompressElement. The provided sources identify the fixing commit and patched release plan but do not provide evidence of exploitation in the wild or broader affected products beyond TensorFlow.

Mitigation direction

  • Upgrade TensorFlow to 2.6.0 or a fixed supported release.
  • For supported older branches, use 2.5.1, 2.4.3, or 2.3.4 as applicable.
  • Check TensorFlow’s advisory before choosing a remediation version.
  • Restrict untrusted TensorFlow execution on shared ML systems until patched.

Validation and detection

  • Inventory TensorFlow versions across applications, notebooks, containers, and ML workers.
  • Check for affected version ranges listed in the advisory.
  • Review whether untrusted users can run TensorFlow jobs locally.
  • Search code for raw_ops.UncompressElement usage.
  • Run normal ML regression tests after upgrading TensorFlow.
Prepared
Confidence
high
Sources
4

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.

ATT&CK lookup starting points

Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.

cwe · low confidence lookup

CWE-476: Exact CWE lookup

Use the exact CWE identifier as the starting point before reviewing related ATT&CK behavior. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.

Open ATT&CK lookup
cve · low confidence lookup

CVE-2021-37649 mapping review

Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.

Open ATT&CK lookup
Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
High
CVSS
7.7 (3.1)
Known Exploited
No
Published

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

1CVSS vectors
0Timeline events
0ADP providers
3Source links

CVSS vector scores

1 official score

We collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.

ScoreVersionSeverityVectorExploitImpactSource
7.7CVSS 3.1HighCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H2.55.2Primary CVE score

Vulnerability scoring details

Base CVSS 3.1 score

7.7High
CVSS 3.1 vector shape for CVE-2021-37649Attack VectorAttack ComplexityPrivileges RequiredUser InteractionScopeConfidentiality ImpactIntegrity ImpactAvailability Impact

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector
NetworkAdjacentLocalPhysical
Attack Complexity
LowHigh
Privileges Required
NoneLowHigh
User Interaction
NoneRequired
Scope
ChangedUnchanged
Confidentiality Impact
HighLowNone
Integrity Impact
HighLowNone
Availability Impact
HighLowNone
Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
tensorflowtensorflow>= 2.5.0, < 2.5.1, >= 2.4.0, < 2.4.3, < 2.3.4Listed
Weakness

CWE details

CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.

CWE-476 · source CWE mapping

NULL Pointer Dereference

NULL Pointer Dereference represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.