Security readout for executives and security teams
Plain-English summary
This vulnerability affects ASUS BMC firmware used for out-of-band server management. A privileged remote user can enter an overlong Radius configuration value and crash the BMC web service, creating an availability problem for management access rather than a data-theft issue in the provided evidence.
Executive priority
Treat this as a targeted availability risk for server management planes. Prioritize environments where ASUS BMC interfaces are reachable beyond tightly controlled admin networks or where remote management availability is operationally critical.
Technical view
CVE-2021-28195 is a CWE-120 buffer overflow in the Radius configuration function of the ASUS BMC firmware web management page. The CVSS 3.1 score is 4.9 with network access, low complexity, high privileges, no user interaction, and high availability impact only.
Likely exposure
Exposure is limited to listed ASUS server, workstation, and ASMB9-iKVM BMC firmware versions where the BMC web management interface is reachable and an attacker has privileged access. Internet-exposed or broadly reachable management networks increase business risk.
Exploitation context
The provided bundle does not show KEV listing or cited active exploitation. The described impact is abnormal termination of the web service after privileged remote access, so the main concern is loss of BMC web management availability.
Researcher notes
The source bundle identifies affected products and versions but does not provide CPEs, fixed versions, exploit evidence, or detailed patch notes. Validation should remain non-invasive and focus on inventory, exposure, access control, and vendor guidance.
Mitigation direction
- Inventory ASUS BMC models and firmware versions against the affected list.
- Check ASUS and TWCERT guidance for fixed firmware or official workarounds.
- Restrict BMC web management access to dedicated management networks.
- Limit privileged BMC accounts and review account ownership.
- Monitor BMC web service restarts or unexplained management access loss.
Validation and detection
- Confirm whether affected firmware versions are present in asset inventory.
- Verify BMC management interfaces are not exposed to untrusted networks.
- Review privileged BMC user lists for unnecessary accounts.
- Check logs for unexpected BMC web service failures.
- Track vendor advisory updates for named fixed versions.
Public sources used
Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.
Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context
These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.
ATT&CK lookup starting points
Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.
CWE-120: Exact CWE lookup
Use the exact CWE identifier as the starting point before reviewing related ATT&CK behavior. Open the exact CWE lookup page first, then review the ATT&CK searches from that MITRE weakness context. This is a Glexia lookup hint, not an official ATT&CK mapping.
Open ATT&CK lookupCVE-2021-28195 mapping review
Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.
Open ATT&CK lookup- Severity
- Medium
- CVSS
- 4.9 (3.1)
- Known Exploited
- No
- Published
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5
These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.
CVSS vector scores
1 official scoreWe collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H1.23.6Primary CVE scoreVulnerability scoring details
Base CVSS 3.1 score
4.9MediumVector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Source materials
- CVE List V5 sourceCVE List V5
- https://www.asus.com/content/ASUS-Product-Security-Advisory/CVE reference · x_refsource_MISC
- https://www.asus.com/tw/support/callus/CVE reference · x_refsource_MISC
- https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-4565-59c97-1.htmlCVE reference · x_refsource_MISC
Products and packages named in the record
CWE details
CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow') represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.