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CVE Record

CVE-2021-22543: Improper memory handling in Linux KVM

An issue was discovered in Linux: KVM through Improper handling of VM_IO|VM_PFNMAP vmas in KVM can bypass RO checks and can lead to pages being freed while still accessible by the VMM and guest. This allows users with the ability to start and control a VM to read/write random pages of memory and can result in local privilege escalation.

HighCVSS 8.7Not KEV-listedUpdated
Glexia's TakeAutomated analysis

Security readout for executives and security teams

CVE-2021-22543 is a Linux KVM flaw that can let a local user who can create and control a virtual machine access memory they should not. On affected virtualization hosts, this can become local privilege escalation and could affect host or guest memory confidentiality and integrity. Exposure is most relevant to Linux systems running KVM where non-administrative or semi-trusted users can access /dev/kvm or launch VMs. Multi-tenant virtualization, developer workstations, CI runners, and managed appliances using affected kernels deserve review. Non-KVM systems are less likely to be exposed. Treat this as high priority for virtualization hosts with shared or delegated VM access. The business risk is local privilege escalation and memory compromise on affected KVM systems, but the current evidence does not support claiming active exploitation. Mitigation focus: Apply kernel updates from the relevant Linux distribution or vendor advisory.; Prioritize KVM hosts where untrusted users can create or control virtual machines.; Restrict /dev/kvm access to trusted administrators until fixed..

Prepared

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

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ATT&CK lookup starting points

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cwe · low confidence lookup

CWE-119: Exact CWE lookup

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Privilege behavior lookup

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cve · low confidence lookup

CVE-2021-22543 mapping review

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Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
High
CVSS
8.7 (4.0)
Known Exploited
No
Published

Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:H/SI:H/SA:L

Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

1CVSS vectors
0Timeline events
0ADP providers
7Source links

CVSS vector scores

1 official score

We collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.

ScoreVersionSeverityVectorExploitImpactSource
8.7CVSS 4.0HighCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:H/SI:H/SA:LPrimary CVE score

Vulnerability scoring details

Base CVSS 4.0 score

8.7High
CVSS 4.0 vector shape for CVE-2021-22543Attack VectorAttack ComplexityAttack RequirementsPrivileges RequiredUser InteractionVS ConfidentialityVS IntegrityVS AvailabilitySS ConfidentialitySS IntegritySS Availability

Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:H/SI:H/SA:L

Attack Vector
NetworkAdjacentLocalPhysical
Attack Complexity
LowHigh
Attack Requirements
NonePresent
Privileges Required
NoneLowHigh
User Interaction
NonePassiveActive
VS Confidentiality
HighLowNone
VS Integrity
HighLowNone
VS Availability
HighLowNone
SS Confidentiality
HighLowNone
SS Integrity
HighLowNone
SS Availability
HighLowNone

Source materials

Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
Linux KernelLinux Kerneladd6a0cd1c5ba51b201e1361b05a5df817083618unaffected
Weakness

CWE details

CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.

CWE-119 · source CWE mapping

Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer represents a recurring weakness pattern that can create exploitable paths when design, validation, or implementation controls are missing.