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CVE Record

CVE-2021-1993: Vulnerability in the Java VM component of Oracle Database Server.

Vulnerability in the Java VM component of Oracle Database Server. Supported versions that are affected are 12.1.0.2, 12.2.0.1, 18c and 19c. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows low privileged attacker having Create Session privilege with network access via Oracle Net to compromise Java VM. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Java VM accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.8 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

MediumCVSS 4.8Not KEV-listedUpdated
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Glexia's TakeAutomated analysismoderate

Security readout for executives and security teams

Plain-English summary

CVE-2021-1993 affects Oracle Database Server's Java VM. A low-privileged database user with Create Session and Oracle Net access could cause unauthorized changes to critical data, but exploitation is rated difficult and requires another person's interaction.

Executive priority

Treat as a planned remediation item for exposed Oracle databases. It is not sourced as actively exploited, but it can affect critical data integrity if prerequisites are met.

Technical view

Oracle rates this Java VM issue CVSS 4.8 with network attack vector, high attack complexity, low privileges, and required user interaction. Impact is integrity-only: unauthorized creation, deletion, or modification of critical data or Java VM-accessible data.

Likely exposure

Exposure is likely limited to Oracle Database Enterprise Edition 12.1.0.2, 12.2.0.1, 18c, and 19c deployments where Java VM is present and reachable through Oracle Net.

Exploitation context

The provided sources do not show CISA KEV listing or active exploitation. Oracle describes exploitation as difficult and requiring low privileges, network access, and human interaction from someone other than the attacker.

Researcher notes

Prioritize validation around version, Java VM presence, Create Session grants, and network reachability. Do not assume confidentiality or availability impact from the provided CVSS vector; the cited impact is high integrity only.

Mitigation direction

  • Follow Oracle January 2021 Critical Patch Update guidance for affected Database Server versions.
  • Apply applicable Oracle Database patches or upgrade to a supported fixed release.
  • Restrict Oracle Net access to trusted networks and required users only.
  • Review accounts with Create Session privilege and remove unnecessary access.

Validation and detection

  • Inventory Oracle Database Enterprise Edition versions across production and non-production systems.
  • Confirm whether affected versions use the Java VM component.
  • Verify Oracle January 2021 CPU or later applicable patches are installed.
  • Review users with Create Session privilege and Oracle Net reachability.
  • Check audit records for unauthorized Java VM-accessible data changes.
Prepared
Confidence
high
Sources
3

Public sources used

Generated from the cited source records. This long-tail analysis has not been individually reviewed by a named human.

Potential ATT&CK relevance

Conservative CVE-to-ATT&CK context

These mappings and lookup hints may be relevant to the vulnerability behavior, CWE, affected product, or exposure path. Glexia-inferred context is not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, CWE, or CVE Program mapping.

ATT&CK lookup starting points

Use these exact CWE pages and searches to review the Glexia ATT&CK library from this CVE's weakness and description context.

description · low confidence lookup

Database behavior lookup

The CVE wording references database injection or access, so collection and exfiltration review may help. This is a Glexia inferred lookup path, not an official MITRE, ATT&CK, or CVE Program mapping.

Open ATT&CK lookup
cve · low confidence lookup

CVE-2021-1993 mapping review

Open the CVE-to-ATT&CK bridge for reviewed, inferred, or future official mappings tied to this CVE.

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Vulnerability profileCVE Program record
Severity
Medium
CVSS
4.8 (3.1)
Known Exploited
No
Published

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Official CVE source material

CNA and ADP enrichment extracted from CVE v5

These fields come from the CVE record and ADP containers, not from Glexia's Take. They preserve time-varying source decisions such as CISA SSVC, KEV status, CVSS metrics, and provider references.

1CVSS vectors
0Timeline events
0ADP providers
2Source links

CVSS vector scores

1 official score

We collect every scored CVSS vector available in the official CNA and ADP containers. When more than one version is present, the table keeps the source vectors side by side instead of collapsing them into the highest score.

ScoreVersionSeverityVectorExploitImpactSource
4.8CVSS 3.1MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N1.23.6Primary CVE score

Vulnerability scoring details

Base CVSS 3.1 score

4.8Medium
CVSS 3.1 vector shape for CVE-2021-1993Attack VectorAttack ComplexityPrivileges RequiredUser InteractionScopeConfidentiality ImpactIntegrity ImpactAvailability Impact

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Attack Vector
NetworkAdjacentLocalPhysical
Attack Complexity
LowHigh
Privileges Required
NoneLowHigh
User Interaction
NoneRequired
Scope
ChangedUnchanged
Confidentiality Impact
HighLowNone
Integrity Impact
HighLowNone
Availability Impact
HighLowNone

Source materials

Affected products

Products and packages named in the record

VendorProductVersion / packageStatus
Oracle CorporationDatabase - Enterprise Edition12.1.0.2, 12.2.0.1, 18c, 19cListed
Weakness

CWE details

No CWE listed

CWE links open Glexia weakness intelligence pages with official CWE context, developer remediation guidance, and related CVE mappings.