{
  "type": "attack-pattern",
  "spec_version": "2.1",
  "id": "attack-pattern--b8902400-e6c5-4ba2-95aa-2d35b442b118",
  "created": "2020-03-16T15:33:01.739Z",
  "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
  "revoked": false,
  "external_references": [
    {
      "source_name": "mitre-attack",
      "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573",
      "external_id": "T1573"
    },
    {
      "source_name": "SANS Decrypting SSL",
      "description": "Butler, M. (2013, November). Finding Hidden Threats by Decrypting SSL. Retrieved April 5, 2016.",
      "url": "http://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/analyst/finding-hidden-threats-decrypting-ssl-34840"
    },
    {
      "source_name": "SEI SSL Inspection Risks",
      "description": "Dormann, W. (2015, March 13). The Risks of SSL Inspection. Retrieved April 5, 2016.",
      "url": "https://insights.sei.cmu.edu/cert/2015/03/the-risks-of-ssl-inspection.html"
    },
    {
      "source_name": "University of Birmingham C2",
      "description": "Gardiner, J.,  Cova, M., Nagaraja, S. (2014, February). Command & Control Understanding, Denying and Detecting. Retrieved April 20, 2016.",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1408/1408.1136.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "object_marking_refs": [
    "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
  ],
  "modified": "2025-10-24T17:49:17.042Z",
  "name": "Encrypted Channel",
  "description": "Adversaries may employ an encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.",
  "kill_chain_phases": [
    {
      "kill_chain_name": "mitre-attack",
      "phase_name": "command-and-control"
    }
  ],
  "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
  "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
  "x_mitre_domains": [
    "enterprise-attack"
  ],
  "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
  "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
  "x_mitre_platforms": [
    "ESXi",
    "Linux",
    "macOS",
    "Network Devices",
    "Windows"
  ],
  "x_mitre_version": "1.2"
}