{
  "type": "attack-pattern",
  "spec_version": "2.1",
  "id": "attack-pattern--55fc4df0-b42c-479a-b860-7a6761bcaad0",
  "created": "2020-10-02T16:56:05.810Z",
  "created_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
  "revoked": false,
  "external_references": [
    {
      "source_name": "mitre-attack",
      "url": "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596",
      "external_id": "T1596"
    },
    {
      "source_name": "Circl Passive DNS",
      "description": "CIRCL Computer Incident Response Center. (n.d.). Passive DNS. Retrieved October 20, 2020.",
      "url": "https://www.circl.lu/services/passive-dns/"
    },
    {
      "source_name": "DNS Dumpster",
      "description": "Hacker Target. (n.d.). DNS Dumpster. Retrieved October 20, 2020.",
      "url": "https://dnsdumpster.com/"
    },
    {
      "source_name": "Medium SSL Cert",
      "description": "Jain, M. (2019, September 16). Export & Download — SSL Certificate from Server (Site URL). Retrieved October 20, 2020.",
      "url": "https://medium.com/@menakajain/export-download-ssl-certificate-from-server-site-url-bcfc41ea46a2"
    },
    {
      "source_name": "WHOIS",
      "description": "NTT America. (n.d.). Whois Lookup. Retrieved November 17, 2024.",
      "url": "https://who.is/"
    },
    {
      "source_name": "Shodan",
      "description": "Shodan. (n.d.). Shodan. Retrieved October 20, 2020.",
      "url": "https://shodan.io"
    },
    {
      "source_name": "SSLShopper Lookup",
      "description": "SSL Shopper. (n.d.). SSL Checker. Retrieved October 20, 2020.",
      "url": "https://www.sslshopper.com/ssl-checker.html"
    },
    {
      "source_name": "DigitalShadows CDN",
      "description": "Swisscom & Digital Shadows. (2017, September 6). Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) Can Leave You Exposed – How You Might Be Affected And What You Can Do About It. Retrieved October 20, 2020.",
      "url": "https://www.digitalshadows.com/blog-and-research/content-delivery-networks-cdns-can-leave-you-exposed-how-you-might-be-affected-and-what-you-can-do-about-it/"
    }
  ],
  "object_marking_refs": [
    "marking-definition--fa42a846-8d90-4e51-bc29-71d5b4802168"
  ],
  "modified": "2025-10-24T17:48:48.734Z",
  "name": "Search Open Technical Databases",
  "description": "Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS)(Citation: Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation: DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan)\n\nAdversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).",
  "kill_chain_phases": [
    {
      "kill_chain_name": "mitre-attack",
      "phase_name": "reconnaissance"
    }
  ],
  "x_mitre_attack_spec_version": "3.2.0",
  "x_mitre_deprecated": false,
  "x_mitre_domains": [
    "enterprise-attack"
  ],
  "x_mitre_is_subtechnique": false,
  "x_mitre_modified_by_ref": "identity--c78cb6e5-0c4b-4611-8297-d1b8b55e40b5",
  "x_mitre_platforms": [
    "PRE"
  ],
  "x_mitre_version": "1.0"
}